A tank contains two immiscible liquids of densities 6 and 2 . The higher density liquid is filled up to a height L/2 from the bottom. A thin rod of density and length L is fully immersed and hinged at the bottom so that it can oscillate freely, as shown in the figure. If the rod is slightly disturbed from its equilibrium, the time period of small oscillations is 2 n Lg, where g is the acceleration due to the gravity. The value of n is: [figure]
Answer
1.70 to 1.75
Solution
Take torques about the hinge for a small tilt (cross-section A).
Weight ALg at L2: torque ALg L2 (tilts it further).
Buoyancy: lower half 6 A L2g at L4 and upper half 2 A L2g at 3L4: restoring torque = ( 34 + 34 ) AgL2 = 32 AgL2 .
Net restoring torque = AgL2 ; I = AL L23.
2 = AgL2 AL3/3 = 3gL T = 2 3 Lg
n = 3 1.73
Answer: 1.73