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Human Health and Disease · Question 62

AIPMT 2012 (Prelims)MCQMedium📈 Topic in 50% papers+4−1
1

In which one of the following options the two examples are correctly matched with their particular type of immunity?

  1. array|l|l| Examples & Types of immunity \ Polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes & Cellular barriers \ array
  2. array|l|l| Examples & Types of immunity \ Anti-tetanus and antisnake bite injection & Active immunity \ array
  3. array|l|l| Examples & Types of immunity \ Saliva in mouth and Tear in eyes & Physical barriers \ array
  4. array|l|l| Examples & Types of immunity \ Mucus coating of epithelium lining the urinogenital tract and the HCl in stomach & Physiological barriers \ array

Answer

(1) array|l|l| Examples & Types of immunity \ Polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes & Cellular barriers \ array

Solution

As per NCERT, certain types of leukocytes (WBC) of our body like polymorpho-nuclear leukocytes (PMNL-neutrophils) and monocytes and natural killer (a type of lymphocytes) in the blood as well as macrophages in tissues can phagocytose and destroy microbes — these are cellular barriers. ⇒ (1) is correctly matched.

(2) Anti-tetanus and antisnake bite injections contain preformed antibodies (antitoxins) ⇒ passive immunity, not active.

(3) Saliva in the mouth and tears from the eyes are physiological barriers, not physical barriers.

(4) Mucus coating of the epithelium lining the respiratory, gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts is a physical barrier; acid in the stomach is a physiological barrier — the pair is not of one type.

Answer: (1)

AIPMT 2012 (Prelims)

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2

Which one of the following options gives the correct matching of a disease with its causative organism and mode of infection?

  1. Disease Pneumonia, Causative Organism Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mode of Infection Droplet infection
  2. Disease Malaria, Causative Organism Plasmodium vivax, Mode of Infection Bite of male Anopheles mosquito
  3. Disease Elephantiasis, Causative Organism Wuchereria bancrofti, Mode of Infection With infected water and food
  4. Disease Typhoid, Causative Organism Salmonella typhi, Mode of Infection With inspired air
AIPMT 2011 (Mains)
3

Common cold is not cured by antibiotics because it is:

  1. caused by a Gram-positive bacterium
  2. caused by a Gram-negative bacterium
  3. not an infectious disease
  4. caused by a virus
AIPMT 2011 (Mains)
4

Where will you look for the sporozoites of the malarial parasite ?

  1. red blood corpuscles of humans suffering from malaria
  2. spleen of infected humans
  3. Salivary glands of freshly moulted female Anopheles mosquito
  4. Saliva of infected female Anopheles mosquito
AIPMT 2011 (Prelims)
5

Which one of the following acts as a physiological barrier to the entry of microorganisms in human body?

  1. Epithelium of urogenital tract
  2. Tears
  3. Monocytes
  4. Skin
AIPMT 2011 (Prelims)
6

A certain patient is suspected to be suffering from Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome. Which diagnostic technique will you recommend for its detection?

  1. ELISA
  2. MRI
  3. Ultra sound
  4. WIDAL
AIPMT 2011 (Prelims)
7

At which stage of HIV infection does one usually show symptoms of AIDS?

  1. When the infecting retrovirus enters host cells
  2. When viral DNA is produced by reverse transcriptase
  3. When HIV replicates rapidly in helper T-lymphocytes and damages large number of these
  4. Within 15 days of sexual contact with an infected person
AIPMT 2011 (Prelims)
8

Which one of the following techniques is safest for the detection of cancers?

  1. Computed tomography (CT)
  2. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
  3. Histopathological studies
  4. Radiography (X-ray)
AIPMT 2010 (Mains)
9

A person suffering from a disease caused by Plasmodium, experiences recurring chill and fever at the time when

  1. the parasite after its rapid multiplication inside RBCs ruptures them, releasing the stage to enter fresh RBCs.
  2. the trophozoites reach maximum growth and give out certain toxins
  3. the sporozoites released from RBCs are being rapidly killed and broken down inside spleen
  4. the microgametocytes and megagametocytes are being destroyed by the WBCs.
AIPMT 2010 (Mains)
10

Ringworm in humans is caused by :

  1. Fungi
  2. Viruses
  3. Bacteria
  4. Nematodes
AIPMT 2010 (Prelims)
11

Widal test is used for the diagnosis of –

  1. Tuberculosis
  2. Malaria
  3. Typhoid
  4. Pneumonia
AIPMT 2010 (Prelims)

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