Given below are two statements : 1 M aqueous solutions of each of Cu(NO3)2, AgNO3, Hg2(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2 are electrolysed using inert electrodes. Given: E0Ag+/Ag = 0.80 V, E0Hg22+/Hg = 0.79 V, E0Cu2+/Cu = 0.34 V and E0Mg2+/Mg = -2.37 V. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
- Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
- Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
- Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
- Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
Answer
(3) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
Solution
At the cathode reduction occurs; the species with the higher (more positive) E0 is reduced first.
Statement I: E0: Ag+/Ag (0.80 V) > Hg22+/Hg (0.79 V) > Cu2+/Cu (0.34 V)
with increasing voltage the metals deposit in the order Ag, Hg, Cu. Correct.
Statement II: E0Mg2+/Mg = -2.37 V is far below that of water (2H2O + 2e- H2 + 2OH-; E0 = -0.83 V). So Mg is not deposited; water is reduced and hydrogen gas (not oxygen) is evolved at the cathode. Oxygen is evolved at the anode. Incorrect.
Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.
Answer: (3)