Let A = \1, 2, 3, 4, 5\. Let R be a relation on A defined by xRy if and only if 4x 5y. Let m be the number of elements in R and n be the minimum number of elements from A A that are required to be added to R to make it a symmetric relation. Then m + n is equal to :
- 23
- 26
- 25
- 24
Answer
(3) 25
Solution
xRy 4x 5y, i.e. y 4x5
x = 1: y = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, i.e. 5 pairs
x = 2: y 1.6, i.e. 4 pairs
x = 3: y 2.4, i.e. 3 pairs
x = 4: y 3.2, i.e. 2 pairs
x = 5: y 4, i.e. 2 pairs
∴ m = 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 2 = 16
∵ all 10 pairs (x, y) with x < y are in R, but of their reverses only (5, 4) is in R
⇒ 9 reverse pairs must be added ⇒ n = 10 - 1 = 9
∴ m + n = 16 + 9 = 25
Answer: (3)