Biodiversity and Conservation

Exploring molecular, genetic and species-level diversity for products of economic importance is called :

1. Bioprospecting
2. Biofortification
3. Biomagnification
4. Bioremediation

Since the origin and diversification of life on Earth, there have been five episodes of mass extinction of species. How is the sixth extinction, which is in progress, different from the previous episodes ?

1. The current species extinction rates are far lower than those in previous episodes.
2. The present species extinction rates are 100 to 1000 times faster than in the pre-human times.
3. The present net species extinction rate is zero.
4. The current species extinction rate is nearly 10 times faster than in previous episodes.

"The Evil Quartet" of biodiversity loss includes which of the following ?

1. Over-exploitation; Alien species invasions; Soil pollution; Co-extinctions
2. Habitat loss and fragmentation; Air pollution; Water pollution; Co-extinctions
3. Habitat loss and fragmentation; over-exploitation; Alien species invasions; Co-extinctions
4. Over-exploitation; Alien species invasions; Air pollution; Co-extinctions

Which of the following is an in situ conservation method ?

1. Seed Banks
2. Sacred Groves
3. Botanical Gardens
4. Wildlife Safari Parks

Which of the following statements are correct ? Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. A, B and D only
2. B, C and D only
3. A, B and E only
4. C, D and E only

Arrange the following in descending order of number of species in the Amazonian rain forest.

1. B > A > D > C > E
2. C > B > D > E > A
3. D > A > C > B > E
4. E > B > A > C > D

Which one of the following is an example of ex-situ conservation?

1. Zoos and botanical gardens
2. Protected areas
3. National Park
4. Wildlife Sanctuary

The type of conservation in which the threatened species are taken out from their natural habitat and placed in special setting where they can be protected and given special care is called

1. in-situ conservation
2. Ex-situ conservation
3. Semi-conservative method
4. Sustainable development

These are regarded as major causes of biodiversity loss: Choose the correct option:

1. A, C and D only
2. A, B, C and D only
3. A, B and E only
4. A, B and D only

List of endangered species was released by

1. GEAC
2. WWF
3. FOAM
4. IUCN

Tropical regions show greatest level of species richness because Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

1. A, C, D and E only
2. A and B only
3. A, B and E only
4. A, B and D only

The regions with high level of species richness, high degree of endemism and a loss of 70\% of the species and habitat are identified as:

1. Natural Reserves
2. Sacred Groves
3. Biodiversity Hotspots
4. Biogeographical Regions

Which one of the following is not included under in-situ conservation?

1. Wild-life sanctuary
2. Botanical garden
3. Biosphere reserve
4. National park

Cryopreservation technique is used for :

1. Protection of environment
2. Protection of Biodiversity hotspots
3. Preservation of gametes in viable and fertile condition for a long period
4. In-situ conservation

Among ‘The Evil Quartet’, which one is considered the most important cause driving extinction of species?

1. Over exploitation for economic gain
2. Alien species invasions
3. Co-extinctions
4. Habitat loss and fragmentation

The historic Convention on Biological Diversity, ‘The Earth Summit’ was held in Rio de Janeiro in the year

1. 1992
2. 1986
3. 2002
4. 1985

Which of the following is not a method of ex situ conservation?

1. In vitro fertilization
2. National Parks
3. Micropropagation
4. Cryopreservation

Habitat loss and fragmentation, over-exploitation, alien species invasion and co-extinction are causes for :

1. Population explosion
2. Competition
3. Biodiversity loss
4. Natality

In-situ conservation refers to :

1. Protect and conserve the whole ecosystem
2. Conserve only high-risk species
3. Conserve only endangered species
4. Conserve only extinct species

Give the correct descending order of organisms with reference to their estimated number found in Amazon forest. Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. B > A > C > E > D
2. A > B > E > D > C
3. A > C > D > B > E
4. B > A > E > D > C

The World Summit on sustainable development held in 2002 in Johannesburg, South Africa pledged for

1. Collection and preservation of seeds of different genetic strains of commercially important plants.
2. A significant reduction in the current rate of biodiversity loss.
3. Declaration of more biodiversity hotspots.
4. Increase in agricultural production.

Frugivorous birds are found in large numbers in tropical forests mainly because of :

1. Temperature conducive for their breeding
2. Lack of niche specialisation
3. Higher annual rainfall
4. Availability of fruits throughout the year

Western Ghats have a large number of plants and animal species that are not found anywhere else. Which of the following term is used to notify such species?

1. Vulnerable species
2. Threatened species
3. Keystone species
4. Endemic species

According to Robert May, the global species diversity is about

1. 7 million
2. 20 million
3. 1.5 million
4. 50 million

Which of the following regions of the globe exhibits highest species diversity?

1. Amazon forests
2. Madagascar
3. Western Ghats of India
4. Himalayas

The Earth summit held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 was called :

1. to assess threat posed to native species by invasive weed species
2. for immediate steps to discontinue use of CFCs that were damaging the ozone layer
3. to reduce CO2 emissions and global warming
4. for conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilization of its benefits

Which of the following is the most important cause for animals and plants being driven to extinction?

1. Economic exploitation
2. Alien species invasion
3. Habitat loss and fragmentation
4. Drought and floods

Which one of the following is not a method of in situ conservation of biodiversity?

1. Botanical Garden
2. Sacred Grove
3. Biosphere Reserve
4. Wildlife Sanctuary

All of the following are included in ‘ex-situ conservation’ except

1. wildlife safari parks
2. sacred groves
3. botanical gardens
4. seed banks

Which one of the following is related to Ex-situ conservation of threatened animals and plants ?

1. Biodiversity hot spots
2. Himalayan region
3. Amazon rainforest
4. Wildlife Safari Parks