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Evolution · Question 83

AIPMT 2005MCQMedium📈 Topic in 38% papers+4−1
1

There are two opposing views about origin of modern man. According to one view Homo erectus in Asia were the ancestors of modern man. A study of variation of DNA however suggested African origin of modern man. What kind of observation of DNA variation could suggest this?

  1. Variation only in Asia and no variation in Africa
  2. Similar variation in Africa and Asia
  3. Greater variation in Africa than in Asia
  4. Greater variation in Asia than in Africa

Answer

(3) Greater variation in Africa than in Asia

Solution

Mutations accumulate in DNA with time, so the oldest population of a species shows the greatest genetic (DNA) variation.

⇒ Populations that migrated out later carry only a part of the original variation (founder effect).

⇒ Greater DNA variation in Africa than in Asia shows that modern man lived longest in Africa and spread from there.

∴ This supports the African origin of modern man (as per NCERT, Homo sapiens arose in Africa and moved across continents).

Answer: (3)

AIPMT 2005

Keep practising — Evolution

2

Which one of the following phenomena supports Darwin's concept of natural selection in organic evolution?

  1. Prevalence of pesticide resistant insects
  2. Development of organs from 'stem' cells for organ transplantation
  3. Production of 'Dolly', the sheep by cloning
  4. Development of transgenic animals
AIPMT 2005
3

Which of the following is the relatively most accurate method for dating of fossils?

  1. Radio-carbon method
  2. Uranium-lead method
  3. Potassium–argon method
  4. Electron-spin resonance method
AIPMT 2005
4

At a particular locus, frequency of 'A' allele is 0.6 and that of 'a' is 0.4. What would be the frequency of heterozygotes in a random mating population at equilibrium?

  1. 0.48
  2. 0.24
  3. 0.36
  4. 0.16
AIPMT 2005
5

Which of the following is not true for a species ?

  1. Variations occur among members of a species
  2. Gene flow does not occur between the populations of a species
  3. Each species is reproductively isolated from every other species
  4. Members of a species can interbreed
AIPMT 2005
6

Diversification in plant life appeared

  1. due to long periods of evolutionary changes
  2. due to abrupt mutations
  3. suddenly on earth
  4. by seed dispersal
AIPMT 2004
7

Presence of gills in the tadpole of frog indicates that

  1. fish were amphibious in the past
  2. fish evolved from frog-like ancestors
  3. frog will have gills in future
  4. frog evolved from gilled ancestors
AIPMT 2004
8

Age of fossils in the past was generally determined by radio-carbon method and other methods involving radioactive elements found in the rocks. More precise methods, which were used recently and led to the revision of the evolutionary periods for different groups of organisms include -

  1. Electron spin resonance (ESR) & fossil DNA
  2. Study of carbohydrates/proteins in fossils
  3. Study of the conditions of fossilization
  4. Study of carbohydrates/proteins in rocks
AIPMT 2004
9

What kind of evidence suggested that man is more closely related with chimpanzee than with other hominoid apes ?

  1. Evidence from fossil remains and the fossil mitochondrial DNA alone
  2. Evidence from DNA extracted from sex chromosomes, autosomes
  3. Comparison of chromosome morphology only
  4. Evidence from DNA from sex chromosomes only
AIPMT 2004
10

According to Oparin, which one of the following was not present in the primitive atmosphere of the earth ?

  1. Water vapour
  2. Oxygen
  3. Methane
  4. Hydrogen
AIPMT 2004
11

Diversification in plant life appeared

  1. By seed dispersal
  2. Due to abrupt mutations
  3. Due to long periods of evolutionary changes
  4. Suddenly on earth
AIPMT 2004

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