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Evolution · Question 24

NEET (UG) 2022 (Phase 2)MCQEasy📈 Topic in 12% papers+4−1
1

Select the correct statement regarding mutation theory of evolution.

  1. Large differences due to mutations arise gradually in a population
  2. This theory was proposed by Alfred Wallace
  3. Variations are small directional changes
  4. Single step large mutation is a cause of speciation

Answer

(4) Single step large mutation is a cause of speciation

Solution

As per NCERT, Hugo de Vries, based on his work on evening primrose, brought forth the idea of mutations — large differences arising suddenly in a population.

⇒ He believed that it is mutation which causes evolution, and not the minor variations (heritable) that Darwin talked about.

⇒ Mutations are random and directionless, while Darwinian variations are small and directional.

∴ Single step large mutation (saltation) is the cause of speciation.

(1) is wrong: mutations arise suddenly, not gradually; (2) is wrong: the theory was proposed by Hugo de Vries; (3) describes Darwinian variations.

Answer: (4)

NEET (UG) 2022 (Phase 2)

Keep practising — Evolution

2

The factor that leads to Founder effect in a population is :

  1. Genetic drift
  2. Natural selection
  3. Genetic recombination
  4. Mutation
NEET (UG) 2021
3

Match List-I with List-II. Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

  1. (a)-(i), (b)-(iv), (c)-(iii), (d)-(ii)
  2. (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)
  3. (a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iv)
  4. (a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)
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4

Embryological support for evolution was disapproved by

  1. Oparin
  2. Alfred Wallace
  3. Karl Ernst von Baer
  4. Charles Darwin
NEET (UG) 2020
5

From his experiments, S.L. Miller produced amino acids by mixing the following in a closed flask

  1. CH3, H2, NH3 and water vapor at 600
  2. CH4, H2, NH3 and water vapor at 800
  3. CH3, H2, NH4 and water vapor at 800
  4. CH4, H2, NH3 and water vapor at 600
NEET (UG) 2020
6

Flippers of Penguins and Dolphins are examples of

  1. Adaptive radiation
  2. Natural selection
  3. Industrial melanism
  4. Convergent evolution
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7

Which of the following refer to correct example(s) of organisms which have evolved due to changes in environment brought about by anthropogenic action?

  1. B, C and D only
  2. A only
  3. A and C only
  4. D only
NEET (UG) 2020
8

A gene locus has two alleles A, a. If the frequency of dominant allele A is 0.4, then what will be the frequency of homozygous dominant, heterozygous and homozygous recessive individuals in the population?

  1. 0.16 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)
  2. 0.16 (AA); 0.36 (Aa); 0.48 (aa)
  3. 0.36 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.16 (aa)
  4. 0.16 (AA); 0.24 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)
NEET (UG) 2019
9

Variations caused by mutation, as proposed by Hugo de Vries, are :

  1. small and directional
  2. small and directionless
  3. random and directional
  4. random and directionless
NEET (UG) 2019
10

Match the hominids with their correct brain size : Select the correct option.

  1. (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
  2. (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
  3. (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)
  4. (a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iv)
NEET (UG) 2019
11

In a species, the weight of newborn ranges from 2 to 5 kg. 97\% of the newborn with an average weight between 3 to 3.3 kg survive whereas 99\% of the infants born with weights from 2 to 2.5 kg or 4.5 to 5 kg die. Which type of selection process is taking place?

  1. Disruptive Selection
  2. Cyclical Selection
  3. Directional Selection
  4. Stabilizing Selection
NEET (UG) 2019

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