An important evidence in favour of organic evolution is the occurrence of-
- Homologous organs only
- Homologous and vestigial organs
- Homologous and analogous organs
- Analogous and vestigial organs
Answer
(2) Homologous and vestigial organs
Solution
As per NCERT, homologous organs (same structure, different functions, e.g. forelimbs of whale, bat, cheetah and human) show divergent evolution from a common ancestor.
⇒ Vestigial organs (reduced, non-functional organs such as the vermiform appendix in man) are remnants of organs functional in the ancestors, again showing common descent.
⇒ Analogous organs only show convergent evolution due to similar habitats and do not indicate common ancestry.
∴ Homologous and vestigial organs are important evidences of organic evolution.
Answer: (2)