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Evolution · Question 46

NEET 2013MCQMedium📈 Topic in 12% papers+4−1
1

According to Darwin, the organic evolution is due to -

  1. Reduced feeding efficiency in one species due to the presence of interfering species
  2. Competition within closely related species
  3. Intraspecific competition
  4. Interspecific competition

Answer

(3) Intraspecific competition

Solution

As per Darwin's theory of natural selection, populations tend to grow geometrically while resources remain limited, which leads to a struggle for existence.

⇒ The struggle is most intense among members of the same species (intraspecific competition), because they have the same needs of food, space and mates.

∴ Individuals with favourable variations survive and reproduce more (survival of the fittest), and this natural selection leads to organic evolution.

Answer: (3)

NEET 2013

Keep practising — Evolution

2

The tendency of population to remain in genetic equilibrium may be disturbed by :

  1. lack of random mating
  2. random mating
  3. lack of migration
  4. lack of mutations
NEET 2013
3

Variation in gene frequencies within populations can occur by chance rather than by natural selection. This is referred to as :

  1. Genetic drift
  2. Genetic load
  3. Genetic flow
  4. Random mating
NEET 2013
4

The process by which organisms with different evolutionary history evolve similar phenotypic adaptations in response to a common environmental challenge is called :

  1. Convergent evolution
  2. Adaptive radiation
  3. Natural selection
  4. Non-random evolution
NEET 2013
5

The eye of octopus and eye of cat show different patterns of structure, yet they perform similar function. This is an example of :

  1. Homologous organs that have evolved due to divergent evolution
  2. Analogous organs that have evolved due to convergent evolution
  3. Homologous organs that have evolved due to convergent evolution
  4. Analogous organs that have evolved due to divergent evolution
NEET 2013
6

Random unidirectional change in allele frequencies that occurs by chance in all populations and especially in small populations is known as :-

  1. Genetic drift
  2. Migration
  3. Mutation
  4. Natural selection
NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
7

Genetic variation in a population arises due to :

  1. Reproductive isolation and selection
  2. Mutations only
  3. Mutations as well as recombination
  4. Recombination only
NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
8

Dinosaurs dominated the World in which of the following geological era ?

  1. Jurassic
  2. Devonian
  3. Coenozoic
  4. Mesozoic
NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
9

The finch species of Galapagos Islands are grouped according to their food sources. Which of the following is not a finch food ?

  1. Insects
  2. Carrion
  3. Tree buds
  4. Seeds
NEET 2013 (Karnataka)
10

The idea of mutations was brought forth by :

  1. Charles Darwin, who observed a wide variety of organisms during sea voyage
  2. Hugo de Vries, who worked on evening primrose
  3. Gregor Mendel, who worked on Pisum sativum
  4. Hardy and Weinberg, who worked on allele frequencies in a population
AIPMT 2012 (Mains)
11

Evolution of different species in a given area starting from a point and spreading to other geographical areas is known as

  1. Divergent evolution
  2. Natural selection
  3. Migration
  4. Adaptive radiation
AIPMT 2012 (Prelims)

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All NEET Zoology chapters
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Class 12Human ReproductionReproductive HealthEvolutionHuman Health and DiseaseBiotechnology: Principles and ProcessesBiotechnology and its ApplicationsBiology Experimental Skills