Evolution · Question 54

The idea of mutations was brought forth by :

1. Charles Darwin, who observed a wide variety of organisms during sea voyage
2. Hugo de Vries, who worked on evening primrose
3. Gregor Mendel, who worked on Pisum sativum
4. Hardy and Weinberg, who worked on allele frequencies in a population

Evolution of different species in a given area starting from a point and spreading to other geographical areas is known as

1. Divergent evolution
2. Natural selection
3. Migration
4. Adaptive radiation

Which one of the following options gives one correct example each of convergent evolution and divergent evolution ?

1. Convergent evolution Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita & Divergent evolution Eyes of octopus and mammals
2. Convergent evolution Eyes of octopus and mammals & Divergent evolution Bones of forelimbs of mammals and vertebrates
3. Convergent evolution Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita & Divergent evolution Wings of butterflies and birds
4. Convergent evolution Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates & Divergent evolution Wings of butterfly and birds

What was the most significant trend in the evolution of modern man ( Homo sapiens) from his ancestors ?

1. Upright posture
2. Increasing cranial capacity
3. Shortening of jaws
4. Binocular vision

The extinct human who lived 1,00,000 to 40,000 years ago, in Europe, Asia and parts of Africa, with short stature, heavy eyebrows, retreating foreheads, large jaws with heavy teeth, stocky bodies, a lumbering gait and stooped posture was :

1. Neanderthal human
2. Homo habilis
3. Cro-Magnon humans
4. Ramapithecus

What was the most significant trend in the evolution of modern man ( Homo sapiens) from his ancestors ?

1. Upright posture
2. Shortening of jaws
3. Binocular vision
4. Increasing cranial capacity

Given below are four statements (A-D) each with one or two blanks. Select the option which correctly fills up the blanks in two statements.

1. C - (i) vestigial, (ii) anatomical, D - (i) mutations, (ii) multiplication
2. D - (i) small variations, (ii) survival, A - (i) convergent
3. A - (i) convergent, B - (i) oxygen, (ii) nucleosides
4. B - (i) water vapour, (ii) amino acids, C - (i) rudimentary, (ii) anatomical

The most apparent changes during the evolutionary history of Homo sapiens are traced in

1. Remarkable increase in the brain size
2. Walking upright
3. Loss of body hair
4. Shortening of the jaws

Darwin's finches are a good example of –

1. Convergent evolution
2. Connecting link
3. Industrial melanism
4. Adaptive radiation

In the case of peppered moth ( Biston betularia) the black-coloured form became dominant over the light-coloured form in England during industrial revolution. This is an example of -

1. Natural selection whereby the darker forms were selected
2. Protective mimicry
3. Inheritance of darker colour character acquired due to the darker environment
4. Appearance of the darker coloured individuals due to very poor sunlight