XY is the membrane/partition between two chambers 1 and 2 containing sugar solutions of concentration c1 and c2 (c1 > c2) mol L-1. For the reverse osmosis to take place identify the correct condition. (Here p1 and p2 are pressures applied on chamber 1 and 2.) [figure] Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
- A and C Only
- A and D Only
- B and D Only
- C Only
Answer
(1) A and C Only
Solution
In reverse osmosis, a pressure larger than the osmotic pressure ( ) is applied on the solution side of higher concentration, so that the solvent is forced out of it through a semipermeable membrane.
∵ c1 > c2, the pressure must be applied on chamber 1: p1 > .
As per NCERT, semipermeable membranes may be natural (pig's bladder, parchment) or synthetic (cellophane).
A. Cellophane (semipermeable), p1 > ⇒ correct.
B. A porous partition lets solute pass too, so no osmosis/reverse osmosis ⇒ incorrect.
C. Parchment paper (semipermeable), p1 > ⇒ correct.
D. p2 > acts on the dilute side; it only pushes more solvent into chamber 1 ⇒ incorrect.
∴ A and C only.
Answer: (1)