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Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids · Question 34

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 2nd April Morning ShiftMCQEasy📈 Topic in 3% papers+4−1
1

Consider the following molecules: [figure] The correct order of rate of hydrolysis is :

  1. p > q > r > s
  2. r > q > p > s
  3. p > r > q > s
  4. q > p > r > s

Answer

(1) p > q > r > s

Solution

Hydrolysis of an acyl compound R-CO-L is a nucleophilic acyl substitution: water attacks the carbonyl carbon and the group L leaves.

Rate depends on (i) how electron-deficient the carbonyl carbon is and (ii) how good the leaving group L- is (weaker base = better leaving group).

Leaving groups: Cl- (p) > CH3COO- (q) > C2H5O- (r) > NH2- (s)

Basicity: Cl- < CH3COO- < C2H5O- < NH2-

Also, resonance donation of the lone pair of L to the C=O increases in the order Cl < OCOCH3 < OC2H5 < NH2, which lowers the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon in the same order.

Acid chloride > acid anhydride > ester > amide

Rate of hydrolysis: p > q > r > s

Answer: (1)

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 2nd April Morning Shift

Keep practising — Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

2

Consider the following reactions. From these reactions which reaction will give carboxylic acid as a major product? Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A, B and E only
  2. A and D only
  3. B, C and E only
  4. B and E only
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3

The product (P) formed in the following reaction is : [figure]

  1. [figure]
  2. [figure]
  3. [figure]
  4. [figure]
JEE Main 2025 (Online) 29th January Morning Shift
4

[figure] 0.1 mole of compound 'S' will weigh g. (Given molar mass in g mol-1 C : 12, H : 1, O : 16)

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 29th January Morning Shift
5

Both acetaldehyde and acetone (individually) undergo which of the following reactions? Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. C and E Only
  2. A, B and D Only
  3. A, C and E Only
  4. B, C and D Only
JEE Main 2025 (Online) 28th January Morning Shift
6

The compounds that produce CO2 with aqueous NaHCO3 solution are: Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A and C Only
  2. A, B and E Only
  3. A and B Only
  4. A, C and D Only
JEE Main 2025 (Online) 28th January Morning Shift
7

The total number of compounds from below when treated with hot KMnO4, giving benzoic acid is: [figure] , [figure] , [figure] , [figure] , [figure] , [figure] , [figure] , [figure]

  1. 4
  2. 3
  3. 5
  4. 6
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Organic ChemistryOrganic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and TechniquesIsomerismHydrocarbonsHaloalkanes and HaloarenesAlcohols, Phenols and EthersAldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic AcidsAminesBiomoleculesPrinciples Related to Practical Chemistry