Let A = bmatrix & 0 & - \ 0 & 1 & 0 \ & 0 & bmatrix. If for some (0, ), A2 = AT, then the sum of the diagonal elements of the matrix (A + I)3 + (A - I)3 - 6A is equal to .
Answer
6
Solution
Let A = A( ). Direct multiplication gives A( )A( ) = A( + ), so
A2 = bmatrix 2 & 0 & - 2 \ 0 & 1 & 0 \ 2 & 0 & 2 bmatrix and AT = A(- )
A2 = AT 2 = and 2 = -
3 = 2k = 2 3 (in (0, ))
A3 = A(3 ) = A(2 ) = I
Since A and I commute,
(A + I)3 + (A - I)3 = (A3 + 3A2 + 3A + I) + (A3 - 3A2 + 3A - I)
= 2A3 + 6A
(A + I)3 + (A - I)3 - 6A = 2A3 = 2I
Sum of diagonal elements = tr(2I) = 2 3 = 6
Answer: 6