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Evolution · Question 100

AIPMT 2003MCQEasy📈 Topic in 75% papers+4−1
1

Which one of the following describes correctly the homologous structures ?

  1. Organs with anatomical dissimilarities but performing same function
  2. Organs that have no function now, but had an important function in ancestors
  3. Organs with anatomical similarities, but performing different functions
  4. Organs appearing only in embryonic stage and disappearing later in the adult

Answer

(3) Organs with anatomical similarities, but performing different functions

Solution

As per NCERT, the forelimbs of whales, bats, cheetah and human perform different functions but have similar anatomical structure (humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges).

⇒ Such organs share a common ancestry and show divergent evolution; they are homologous organs.

∵ Option (1) describes analogous organs, option (2) vestigial organs and option (4) embryonic structures,

∴ homologous structures are organs with anatomical similarities but performing different functions.

Answer: (3)

AIPMT 2003

Keep practising — Evolution

2

In recent years, DNA sequences (nucleotide sequence) of mt-DNA and Y chromosomes were considered for the study of human evolution, because :-

  1. They are uniparental in origin and do not take part in recombination
  2. They can be studied from the samples of fossil remains
  3. Their structure is known in greater detail
  4. They are small, and therefore, easy to study
AIPMT 2003
3

Some bacteria are able to grow in streptomycin containing medium due to

  1. natural selection
  2. induced mutation
  3. reproductive isolation
  4. genetic drift.
AIPMT 2002
4

Which of the following is important for speciation ?

  1. Behavioural isolation
  2. Seasonal isolation
  3. Tropical isolation
  4. Reproductive isolation
AIPMT 2002
5

Which of the following are homologous organs ?

  1. Wings of birds & Pectoral fins of fish
  2. Wings of bat & Butterfly
  3. Legs of frog & Cockroach
  4. Wings of birds & Locust
AIPMT 2002
6

Genetic drift operates in : -

  1. Slow reproductive population
  2. Small isolated population
  3. Large isolated population
  4. Fast reproductive population
AIPMT 2002
7

There is no life on moon due to the absence of -

  1. O2
  2. Light
  3. Water
  4. Temperature
AIPMT 2002
8

According to fossils which discovered up to present time, origin and evolution of man was started from

  1. Java
  2. Africa
  3. China
  4. France
AIPMT 2002
9

In which condition, the gene ratio remains constant for any species population ?

  1. Gene flow
  2. Mutation
  3. Sexual selection
  4. Random mating
AIPMT 2002
10

Sequence of which of the following is used to know the phylogeny ?

  1. DNA
  2. r-RNA
  3. m-RNA
  4. t-RNA
AIPMT 2002
11

In which era reptiles were dominant ?

  1. Archaeozoic era
  2. Mesozoic era
  3. Coenozoic era
  4. Paleozoic era
AIPMT 2002

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