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Evolution · Question 99

AIPMT 2003MCQMedium📈 Topic in 12% papers+4−1
1

Darwin in his 'Natural Selection Theory' did not believe in any role of which one of the following in organic evolution ?

  1. Survival of the fittest
  2. Parasites and predators as natural enemies
  3. Discontinuous variations
  4. Struggle for existence

Answer

(3) Discontinuous variations

Solution

As per NCERT, Darwin's theory of natural selection is based on small, directional variations that accumulate gradually; evolution was considered gradual.

⇒ Struggle for existence (including natural enemies such as parasites and predators) and survival of the fittest are central ideas of his theory.

⇒ Hugo de Vries, working on evening primrose, proposed that large, sudden, discontinuous variations (mutations) cause evolution (saltation).

∴ Darwin did not believe in any role of discontinuous variations.

Answer: (3)

AIPMT 2003

Keep practising — Evolution

2

Which one of the following describes correctly the homologous structures ?

  1. Organs with anatomical dissimilarities but performing same function
  2. Organs that have no function now, but had an important function in ancestors
  3. Organs with anatomical similarities, but performing different functions
  4. Organs appearing only in embryonic stage and disappearing later in the adult
AIPMT 2003
3

In recent years, DNA sequences (nucleotide sequence) of mt-DNA and Y chromosomes were considered for the study of human evolution, because :-

  1. They are uniparental in origin and do not take part in recombination
  2. They can be studied from the samples of fossil remains
  3. Their structure is known in greater detail
  4. They are small, and therefore, easy to study
AIPMT 2003
4

Some bacteria are able to grow in streptomycin containing medium due to

  1. natural selection
  2. induced mutation
  3. reproductive isolation
  4. genetic drift.
AIPMT 2002
5

Which of the following is important for speciation ?

  1. Behavioural isolation
  2. Seasonal isolation
  3. Tropical isolation
  4. Reproductive isolation
AIPMT 2002
6

Which of the following are homologous organs ?

  1. Wings of birds & Pectoral fins of fish
  2. Wings of bat & Butterfly
  3. Legs of frog & Cockroach
  4. Wings of birds & Locust
AIPMT 2002
7

Genetic drift operates in : -

  1. Slow reproductive population
  2. Small isolated population
  3. Large isolated population
  4. Fast reproductive population
AIPMT 2002
8

There is no life on moon due to the absence of -

  1. O2
  2. Light
  3. Water
  4. Temperature
AIPMT 2002
9

According to fossils which discovered up to present time, origin and evolution of man was started from

  1. Java
  2. Africa
  3. China
  4. France
AIPMT 2002
10

In which condition, the gene ratio remains constant for any species population ?

  1. Gene flow
  2. Mutation
  3. Sexual selection
  4. Random mating
AIPMT 2002
11

Sequence of which of the following is used to know the phylogeny ?

  1. DNA
  2. r-RNA
  3. m-RNA
  4. t-RNA
AIPMT 2002

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