Digestion and Absorption · Question 40

Which one of the following statements is true regarding digestion and absorption of food in humans?

1. Fructose and amino acids are absorbed through intestinal mucosa with the help of carrier ions like Na+.
2. Chylomicrons are small lipoprotein particles that are transported from intestine into blood capillaries.
3. About 60% of starch is hydrolysed by salivary amylase in our mouth.
4. Oxyntic cells in our stomach secrete the proenzyme pepsinogen.

Which one of the following pairs of food components in humans reaches the stomach totally undigested?

1. Starch and fat
2. Fat and cellulose
3. Starch and cellulose
4. Protein and starch

Which one of the following is the correct matching of the site of action on the given substrate, the enzyme acting upon it and the end product?

1. Small intestine : Proteins Pepsin amino acids
2. Stomach : Fats Lipase micelles
3. Duodenum : Triglycerides Trypsin monoglycerides
4. Small intestine : Starch -Amylase disaccharide (maltose)

What will happen if the secretion of parietal cells of gastric glands is blocked with an inhibitor?

1. In the absence of HCl secretion, inactive pepsinogen is not converted into the active enzyme pepsin.
2. Enterokinase will not be released from the duodenal mucosa and so trypsinogen is not converted to trypsin.
3. Gastric juice will be deficient in chymosin.
4. Gastric juice will be deficient in pepsinogen.

Which one of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin and its related deficiency disease?

1. Retinol – Xerophthalmia
2. Cobalamine – Beri-beri
3. Calciferol – Pellagra
4. Ascorbic acid – Scurvy

Secretin and cholecystokinin are digestive hormones. They are secreted in

1. pyloric stomach
2. duodenum
3. ileum
4. oesophagus.

Epithelial cells of the intestine involved in food absorption have on their surface

1. pinocytic vesicles
2. microvilli
3. zymogen granules
4. phagocytic vesicles.

A patient is generally advised to specially consume more meat, lentils, milk and eggs in diet only when he suffers from

1. scurvy
2. kwashiorkor
3. rickets
4. anaemia.

Which group of three of the following five statements (1–5) contain all three correct statements regarding beri-beri? 1. A crippling disease prevalent among the native population of sub-Saharan Africa 2. A deficiency disease caused by lack of thiamine (vitamin B1) 3. A nutritional disorder in infants and young children when the diet is persistently deficient in essential protein 4. Occurs in those countries where the staple diet is polished rice 5. The symptoms are pain from neuritis, paralysis, muscle wasting, progressive oedema, mental deterioration and finally heart failure.

1. 2, 4 and 5
2. 1, 2 and 4
3. 1, 3 and 5
4. 2, 3 and 5

The richest sources of vitamin B12 are

1. goat's liver and Spirulina
2. chocolate and green gram
3. rice and hen's egg
4. carrot and chicken's breast.