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Excretory Products and their Elimination · Question 15

NEET (UG) 2020MCQMedium📈 Topic in 50% papers+4−1
1

Which of the following would help in prevention of diuresis?

  1. Decrease in secretion of renin by JG cells
  2. More water reabsorption due to undersecretion of ADH
  3. Reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubules due to aldosterone
  4. Atrial natriuretic factor causes vasoconstriction

Answer

(3) Reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubules due to aldosterone

Solution

Diuresis = increased production of dilute urine. It is prevented by anything that increases reabsorption of water from the renal tubules.

⇒ As per NCERT, aldosterone (released through the renin–angiotensin mechanism) causes reabsorption of Na+ and water from the distal parts of the tubule, increasing blood volume and decreasing urine output.

(1) Less renin ⇒ less angiotensin II and aldosterone ⇒ less reabsorption — favours diuresis.

(2) Undersecretion of ADH causes less (not more) water reabsorption — favours diuresis (diabetes insipidus).

(4) ANF causes vasodilation (not vasoconstriction) and acts as a check on the RAAS — favours diuresis.

Answer: (3)

NEET (UG) 2020

Keep practising — Excretory Products and their Elimination

2

Which of the following factors is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine?

  1. Secretion of erythropoietin by Juxtaglomerular complex.
  2. Hydrostatic pressure during glomerular filtration.
  3. Low levels of antidiuretic hormone.
  4. Maintaining hyperosmolarity towards inner medullary interstitium in the kidneys.
NEET (UG) 2019
3

Use of an artificial kidney during hemodialysis may result in : Which of the following options is the most appropriate?

  1. C and D only
  2. A and D only
  3. A and B only
  4. B and C only
NEET (UG) 2019
4

Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below.

  1. (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)
  2. (a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iv)
  3. (a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)
  4. (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv)
NEET 2018
5

Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below.

  1. (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)
  2. (a)-(iv), (b)-(v), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)
  3. (a)-(v), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)
  4. (a)-(v), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
NEET 2018
6

A decrease in blood pressure/volume will not cause the release of

  1. atrial natriuretic factor
  2. aldosterone
  3. ADH
  4. renin
NEET 2017
7

Which of the following statements is correct?

  1. The descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water
  2. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to water.
  3. The descending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to electrolytes.
  4. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
NEET 2017
8

In mammals, which blood vessel would normally carry largest amount of urea?

  1. Hepatic Vein
  2. Hepatic Portal Vein
  3. Renal Vein
  4. Dorsal Aorta
NEET 2016 (Phase 1)
9

The part of nephron involved in active reabsorption of sodium is

  1. distal convoluted tubule
  2. proximal convoluted tubule
  3. Bowman's capsule
  4. descending limb of Henle's loop
NEET 2016 (Phase 2)
10

Human urine is usually acidic because

  1. potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity
  2. hydrogen ions are actively secreted into the filtrate
  3. the sodium transporter exchanges one hydrogen ion for each sodium ion, in peritubular capillaries.
  4. excreted plasma proteins are acidic
AIPMT 2015
11

The body cells in cockroach discharge their nitrogenous waste in the haemolymph mainly in the form of -

  1. Urea
  2. Potassium urate
  3. Calcium carbonate
  4. Ammonia
AIPMT 2015

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