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Evolution · Question 97

AIPMT 2003MCQEasy📈 Topic in 75% papers+4−1
1

Industrial melanism is an example of :-

  1. Darkening of skin due to smoke from industries
  2. Defensive adaptation of skin against ultraviolet radiations
  3. Drug resistance
  4. Protective resemblance with the surroundings

Answer

(4) Protective resemblance with the surroundings

Solution

As per NCERT, in England before industrialisation (1850s) white-winged moths were more numerous than dark-winged moths on the lichen-covered, light-coloured tree trunks.

⇒ After industrialisation (1920s) smoke and soot darkened the tree trunks and killed the lichens, so dark-winged (melanic) moths became more numerous.

∵ Moths that matched the background were hidden from predatory birds, while the conspicuous ones were picked off.

∴ Industrial melanism is an example of protective resemblance (camouflage) with the surroundings, brought about by natural selection.

Answer: (4)

AIPMT 2003

Keep practising — Evolution

2

In a random mating population in equilibrium, which of the following brings about a change in gene frequency in a non-directional manner :-

  1. Selection
  2. Random drift
  3. Mutations
  4. Migration
AIPMT 2003
3

Darwin in his 'Natural Selection Theory' did not believe in any role of which one of the following in organic evolution ?

  1. Survival of the fittest
  2. Parasites and predators as natural enemies
  3. Discontinuous variations
  4. Struggle for existence
AIPMT 2003
4

Which one of the following describes correctly the homologous structures ?

  1. Organs with anatomical dissimilarities but performing same function
  2. Organs that have no function now, but had an important function in ancestors
  3. Organs with anatomical similarities, but performing different functions
  4. Organs appearing only in embryonic stage and disappearing later in the adult
AIPMT 2003
5

In recent years, DNA sequences (nucleotide sequence) of mt-DNA and Y chromosomes were considered for the study of human evolution, because :-

  1. They are uniparental in origin and do not take part in recombination
  2. They can be studied from the samples of fossil remains
  3. Their structure is known in greater detail
  4. They are small, and therefore, easy to study
AIPMT 2003
6

Some bacteria are able to grow in streptomycin containing medium due to

  1. natural selection
  2. induced mutation
  3. reproductive isolation
  4. genetic drift.
AIPMT 2002
7

Which of the following is important for speciation ?

  1. Behavioural isolation
  2. Seasonal isolation
  3. Tropical isolation
  4. Reproductive isolation
AIPMT 2002
8

Which of the following are homologous organs ?

  1. Wings of birds & Pectoral fins of fish
  2. Wings of bat & Butterfly
  3. Legs of frog & Cockroach
  4. Wings of birds & Locust
AIPMT 2002
9

Genetic drift operates in : -

  1. Slow reproductive population
  2. Small isolated population
  3. Large isolated population
  4. Fast reproductive population
AIPMT 2002
10

There is no life on moon due to the absence of -

  1. O2
  2. Light
  3. Water
  4. Temperature
AIPMT 2002
11

According to fossils which discovered up to present time, origin and evolution of man was started from

  1. Java
  2. Africa
  3. China
  4. France
AIPMT 2002

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