Let A = \0, 1, 2, , 9\. Let R be a relation on A defined by (x, y) R if and only if |x - y| is a multiple of 3. Given below are two statements : In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :
- Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
- Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
- Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
- Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
Answer
(4) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
Solution
|x - y| is a multiple of 3 x and y leave the same remainder on division by 3.
Classes in A: \0, 3, 6, 9\ (4 elements), \1, 4, 7\ (3), \2, 5, 8\ (3)
Every ordered pair within a class is in R:
n(R) = 42 + 32 + 32 = 16 + 9 + 9 = 34 36 Statement I is incorrect.
Reflexive: |x - x| = 0 is a multiple of 3.
Symmetric: |x - y| = |y - x|.
Transitive: 3 (x - y) and 3 (y - z) 3 (x - z).
R is an equivalence relation; Statement II is correct.
Answer: (4)