A wheatstone bridge is used to determine the value of unknown resistance X by adjusting the variable resistance Y as shown in the figure. For the most precise measurement of X, the resistance P and Q [figure]
- Should be approximately equal to 2X
- Should be approximately equal and are small
- Should be very large and unequal
- Do not play any significant role
Answer
(2) Should be approximately equal and are small
Solution
At balance, PQ = XY
A Wheatstone bridge is most sensitive (a small change in Y gives a clear deflection in G) when the resistances of all four arms are of the same order.
Large resistances in the ratio arms reduce the current through the galvanometer and hence the sensitivity.
For the most precise measurement, P and Q should be approximately equal and small.
Answer: (2)