PYQSide Exams My practice

NEET PYQ PDFs — free download

Year-wise papers, chapter-wise and topic-wise PDFs with answer key. Every question has a QR code — scan it to open its full step-by-step solution. One click, no sign-up.

Year-wise papers

PDF2026 · Paper180 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2026 · Re-exam180 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2025 · Paper180 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2024 · Paper201 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2024 · Re-exam200 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2023 · Paper201 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2022 · Paper201 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2022 · Phase 2200 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2021 · Paper200 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2020 · Paper180 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2019 · Paper180 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2018 · Paper180 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2017 · Paper181 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2016 · Phase 1180 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2016 · Phase 2180 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2015 · Paper173 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2015 · Cancelled176 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2014 · Paper175 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2013 · Paper179 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2013 · Karnataka180 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2012 · Mains120 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2012 · Prelims200 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2011 · Mains118 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2011 · Prelims200 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2010 · Mains112 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2010 · Prelims203 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2009 · Paper198 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2008 · Paper190 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2007 · Paper176 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2006 · Paper193 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2005 · Paper192 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2004 · Paper179 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2003 · Paper194 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2002 · Paper190 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2001 · Paper191 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇PDF2000 · Paper187 questions · answer key · QR code to every solution⬇

Physics — chapter-wise

PDFUnits and Measurements50 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (7)

Combination of Errors 7 Dimensional Analysis and Its Applications 11 Dimensions of Physical Quantities 18 Errors in Measurement (Absolute, Relative, Percentage) 2 Least Count, Vernier Callipers and Screw Gauge 8 Measurement of Length, Mass and Time 1 Significant Figures and Rounding Off 3

PDFMotion in a Straight Line45 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Average and Instantaneous Velocity and Speed 6 Kinematic Equations for Uniformly Accelerated Motion 6 Motion under Gravity (Free Fall) 14 Non-uniform Acceleration (Calculus Based) 12 Position–Time, Velocity–Time and Acceleration–Time Graphs 4 Relative Velocity in One Dimension 3

PDFMotion in a Plane52 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (7)

Motion in a Plane with Constant Acceleration 4 Projectile Motion 16 Relative Velocity in Two Dimensions (Rain–Man, River–Boat) 5 Resolution of Vectors, Unit Vectors 1 Scalar and Vector Products of Vectors 8 Scalars and Vectors, Addition and Subtraction of Vectors 5 Uniform Circular Motion (Angular Velocity, Centripetal Acceleration) 13

PDFLaws of Motion71 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Conservation of Linear Momentum 13 Dynamics of Circular Motion (Banking of Roads, Conical Pendulum) 13 Equilibrium of Concurrent Forces 2 Free Body Diagrams, Connected Bodies, Pulleys, Lifts and Wedges 15 Impulse 9 Newton's Second Law and Momentum 7 Pseudo Force and Non-inertial Frames 1 Static, Kinetic and Rolling Friction 11

PDFWork, Energy and Power64 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (9)

Collisions in One Dimension (Elastic and Inelastic) 7 Collisions in Two Dimensions 3 Conservation of Mechanical Energy 7 Conservative and Non-conservative Forces 3 Kinetic Energy and Work–Energy Theorem 8 Potential Energy, Potential Energy of a Spring 8 Power 14 Vertical Circular Motion 6 Work Done by Constant and Variable Forces 8

PDFSystem of Particles and Rotational Motion94 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (10)

Angular Velocity and Angular Acceleration 2 Centre of Mass 6 Conservation of Angular Momentum 14 Equilibrium of a Rigid Body 4 Kinematics and Dynamics of Rotation about a Fixed Axis 16 Moment of Inertia and Radius of Gyration 17 Motion of Centre of Mass 4 Rolling Motion 14 Theorems of Parallel and Perpendicular Axes 10 Torque and Angular Momentum 7

PDFGravitation62 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Acceleration due to Gravity and Its Variation (Altitude, Depth, Rotation) 15 Earth Satellites and Orbital Velocity 4 Energy of an Orbiting Satellite, Geostationary and Polar Satellites 4 Escape Speed 12 Gravitational Field and Potential 9 Gravitational Potential Energy 6 Kepler's Laws 8 Universal Law of Gravitation 4

PDFMechanical Properties of Solids13 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Bulk Modulus and Compressibility 2 Elastic Potential Energy 1 Poisson's Ratio 1 Shear Modulus (Modulus of Rigidity) 1 Stress and Strain 1 Young's Modulus 7

PDFMechanical Properties of Fluids29 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Angle of Contact, Excess Pressure in Drops and Bubbles 3 Bernoulli's Principle and Its Applications 5 Buoyancy and Archimedes' Principle 1 Capillary Rise 3 Pressure, Pascal's Law, Variation of Pressure with Depth 4 Streamline Flow and Equation of Continuity 2 Surface Tension and Surface Energy 6 Viscosity and Stokes' Law, Terminal Velocity 5

PDFThermal Properties of Matter48 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Change of State and Latent Heat 3 Heat Transfer: Conduction 14 Heat Transfer: Convection 1 Heat Transfer: Radiation (Black Body, Wien's Law, Stefan's Law) 18 Newton's Law of Cooling 3 Specific Heat Capacity and Calorimetry 2 Temperature and Heat, Measurement of Temperature 1 Thermal Expansion 6

PDFThermodynamics (Physics)55 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (10)

Carnot Engine 10 Cyclic Processes and P–V Diagrams 7 First Law of Thermodynamics 8 Heat, Internal Energy and Work 1 Refrigerators and Heat Pumps 5 Reversible and Irreversible Processes 1 Second Law of Thermodynamics 1 Specific Heat Capacities of Gases (Cp, Cv) 3 Thermodynamic Processes (Isothermal, Adiabatic, Isobaric, Isochoric) 18 Thermodynamic State Variables and Equation of State 1

PDFKinetic Theory29 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (7)

Degrees of Freedom and Specific Heat Capacities 5 Kinetic Interpretation of Temperature 1 Kinetic Theory of an Ideal Gas (Pressure of a Gas) 4 Law of Equipartition of Energy 3 Mean Free Path 3 Molecular Nature of Matter, Behaviour of Gases 8 RMS, Average and Most Probable Speeds 5

PDFOscillations60 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (10)

Damped Oscillations 2 Energy in SHM 10 Force Law for SHM 3 Forced Oscillations and Resonance 1 Periodic and Oscillatory Motion 1 SHM and Uniform Circular Motion 3 Simple Harmonic Motion and Its Equation 10 Simple Pendulum 5 Spring–Mass Systems 10 Velocity and Acceleration in SHM 15

PDFWaves58 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Beats 9 Displacement Relation in a Progressive Wave 12 Doppler Effect 11 Principle of Superposition of Waves 2 Reflection of Waves 1 Speed of a Travelling Wave (String, Sound) 4 Standing Waves and Normal Modes (Strings, Organ Pipes) 18 Transverse and Longitudinal Waves 1

PDFElectric Charges and Fields35 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (9)

Applications of Gauss's Law (Line, Sheet, Shell) 4 Continuous Charge Distributions 3 Coulomb's Law 9 Dipole in a Uniform External Field (Torque) 5 Electric Dipole: Field on Axis and Equator 2 Electric Field and Electric Field Lines 1 Electric Flux 2 Forces between Multiple Charges (Superposition) 1 Gauss's Law 8

PDFElectrostatic Potential and Capacitance74 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (12)

Capacitors and Capacitance, Parallel Plate Capacitor 5 Combination of Capacitors 9 Dielectrics and Polarisation 1 Effect of Dielectric on Capacitance 6 Electrostatic Potential and Potential Difference 1 Electrostatics of Conductors 8 Energy Stored in a Capacitor 15 Equipotential Surfaces 3 Potential Energy in an External Field (Dipole) 4 Potential Energy of a System of Charges 2 Potential due to a Point Charge, System of Charges and Dipole 13 Relation between Field and Potential 7

PDFCurrent Electricity112 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (13)

Cells in Series and Parallel 3 Cells, EMF and Internal Resistance 10 Combination of Resistors: Series and Parallel 17 Drift of Electrons and Origin of Resistivity, Mobility 7 Electric Current and Current Density 1 Electrical Energy and Power 23 Kirchhoff's Rules 9 Ohm's Law 5 Potentiometer (Old Syllabus) 10 RC Circuits: Charging and Discharging (JEE) 1 Resistivity of Various Materials, Colour Code 3 Temperature Dependence of Resistivity 7 Wheatstone Bridge and Metre Bridge 16

PDFMoving Charges and Magnetism90 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (11)

Ampere's Circuital Law and Its Applications 7 Biot–Savart Law 10 Force between Two Parallel Currents, Definition of Ampere 5 Magnetic Field on the Axis of a Circular Current Loop 8 Magnetic Force on a Current-carrying Conductor 6 Magnetic Force on a Moving Charge (Lorentz Force) 8 Motion in Combined Electric and Magnetic Fields (Velocity Selector, Cyclotron) 8 Motion of a Charge in a Magnetic Field 11 Moving Coil Galvanometer, Conversion to Ammeter and Voltmeter 15 Solenoid and Toroid 3 Torque on a Current Loop, Magnetic Dipole Moment 9

PDFMagnetism and Matter36 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (7)

Bar Magnet as an Equivalent Solenoid, Magnetic Field Lines 4 Earth's Magnetism (Declination, Dip, Horizontal Component) (Old Syllabus) 4 Gauss's Law for Magnetism 1 Hysteresis, Permanent Magnets and Electromagnets (Old Syllabus) 1 Magnetic Dipole in a Uniform Field 11 Magnetic Properties of Materials (Dia-, Para-, Ferromagnetism) 14 Magnetisation and Magnetic Intensity 1

PDFElectromagnetic Induction39 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (10)

AC Generator 2 Eddy Currents 2 Energy Stored in an Inductor 2 Faraday's Laws of Induction 11 LR Circuits: Growth and Decay of Current (JEE) 2 Lenz's Law and Conservation of Energy 2 Magnetic Flux 2 Motional EMF 4 Mutual Inductance 2 Self-Inductance 10

PDFAlternating Current54 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

AC Voltage Applied to a Capacitor 7 AC Voltage Applied to a Resistor, RMS and Peak Values 4 AC Voltage Applied to an Inductor 3 LC Oscillations 3 Power in AC Circuits, Power Factor and Wattless Current 11 Resonance and Quality Factor 8 Series LCR Circuit, Impedance and Phase 8 Transformers 10

PDFElectromagnetic Waves46 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (4)

Displacement Current and Maxwell's Equations (Qualitative) 5 Electromagnetic Spectrum and Uses (Radio to Gamma Rays) 12 Properties of EM Waves (Speed, Transverse Nature, Energy, Momentum, Intensity) 21 Sources and Nature of Electromagnetic Waves 8

PDFRay Optics and Optical Instruments78 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (10)

Human Eye and Defects of Vision (Old Syllabus) 1 Power and Combination of Thin Lenses 14 Reflection of Light by Spherical Mirrors, Mirror Formula and Magnification 7 Refraction at Spherical Surfaces, Thin Lenses and Lens Maker's Formula 11 Refraction through a Prism, Dispersion 14 Refraction, Snell's Law, Apparent Depth 7 Scattering of Light (Blue Sky, Rainbow) (Old Syllabus) 4 Simple and Compound Microscope 1 Telescopes (Refracting and Reflecting) 8 Total Internal Reflection and Its Applications (Optical Fibres, Prisms) 11

PDFWave Optics39 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Brewster's Law, Polarisation by Scattering and Reflection 5 Coherent and Incoherent Sources, Interference 2 Diffraction at a Single Slit 7 Polarisation, Polaroids and Malus's Law 4 Resolving Power of Optical Instruments (Old Syllabus) 5 Young's Double Slit Experiment (Fringe Width, Intensity) 16

PDFDual Nature of Radiation and Matter82 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Davisson–Germer Experiment (Old Syllabus) 2 Einstein's Photoelectric Equation, Particle Nature of Light 30 Electron Emission, Work Function 5 Photoelectric Effect: Experimental Study 13 Photon: Energy, Momentum and Radiation Pressure 11 Wave Nature of Matter, de Broglie Wavelength 21

PDFAtoms49 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Alpha-particle Scattering and Rutherford's Nuclear Model 3 Atomic Spectra, Spectral Series of Hydrogen 13 Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom (Radius, Velocity, Energy) 20 Distance of Closest Approach and Impact Parameter 3 Energy Levels and Line Spectra 9 X-rays: Continuous and Characteristic, Moseley's Law (JEE) 1

PDFNuclei76 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Alpha, Beta and Gamma Decay 14 Atomic Masses and Composition of the Nucleus 5 Binding Energy per Nucleon Curve 2 Mass–Energy Equivalence and Binding Energy 11 Nuclear Fission 6 Nuclear Fusion and Energy Generation in Stars 6 Radioactivity: Law of Radioactive Decay, Half-life and Mean Life 23 Size of the Nucleus 9

PDFSemiconductor Electronics108 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Classification of Metals, Conductors and Semiconductors (Energy Bands) 5 Diode as a Rectifier (Half-wave and Full-wave) 7 Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors 7 Junction Transistor and Amplifier (Old Syllabus) 22 Logic Gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND, NOR) 30 Semiconductor Diode: Forward and Reverse Bias, V–I Characteristics 20 Special Purpose Diodes: Zener Diode, LED, Photodiode, Solar Cell 12 p–n Junction Formation 5

PDFExperimental Skills (Physics)1 questions · Class 12⬇

Chemistry — chapter-wise

PDFSome Basic Concepts of Chemistry51 questions · Physical Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Average Atomic and Molecular Mass 1 Calculation of Number of Particles (Y-Map) 16 Concentration Terms 8 Laws of Chemical Combinations 2 Percentage Composition, Empirical Formula and Molecular Formula 5 Percentage Yield and Percentage Purity 3 Significant Figures, Precision and Accuracy 2 Stoichiometry and Stoichiometric Calculations 14

PDFStructure of Atom60 questions · Physical Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (15)

Atomic Number and Mass Number, Isobars and Isotopes 7 Atomic Spectra and Hydrogen Spectrum 4 Bohr Model for Hydrogen Atom 7 Discovery of Sub-atomic Particles 1 Dual Behaviour of Matter, de Broglie Theory 1 Electronic Configuration of Atoms and Ions 1 Energies of Orbitals 4 Filling of Orbitals in Atom, Aufbau Principle, Pauli Exclusion Principle, Hund's Rule of Maximum Multiplicity 2 Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle 3 Nodes, Radial Nodes and Angular Nodes 1 Particle Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation: Planck's Quantum Theory 5 Photoelectric Effect 1 Quantum Mechanical Model of Atom and Quantum Numbers 18 Shapes of Atomic Orbitals 2 Wave Nature of Electromagnetic Radiation 3

PDFStates of Matter30 questions · Physical Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Gas laws & ideal gas equation 15 Intermolecular forces 2 Kinetic theory of gases 3 Liquefaction & critical constants 1 Liquid state 2 Real gases & van der Waals equation 7

PDFThermodynamics78 questions · Physical Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (11)

Enthalpy Change of a Reaction, Enthalpy of Formation, Combustion, Atomisation and Bond Enthalpy 13 Enthalpy of Phase Transition, Lattice, Solution, Dilution and Neutralisation 1 First Law of Thermodynamics 10 Gibbs Energy Change and Equilibrium 16 Heat Capacity 3 Hess's Law of Constant Heat Summation 7 Spontaneity and Entropy 15 Thermochemical Equations and Calorimetry (Measurement of ΔU and ΔH) 2 Thermodynamic Terms, Types of System, State and Path Variables, Intensive and Extensive Properties 1 Types of Thermodynamic Processes 1 Work Done in Thermodynamic Processes (Reversible, Irreversible, Free Expansion) 9

PDFEquilibrium104 questions · Physical Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (15)

Acid–Base Concepts (Arrhenius, Brønsted–Lowry, Lewis) 9 Buffer Solutions 12 Degree of Dissociation Problems and Vapour Density 3 Equilibrium Constant Expression (Kp/Kc) and Factors Affecting Kp or Kc 15 Ionic Product of Water and pH Scale 2 Ionisation of Weak Acids/Weak Bases (Ka, Kb) 9 K, ΔG° and Spontaneity 3 Le Chatelier's Principle 6 Numerical on Equilibrium Concentrations 4 Numerical on Kp/Kc Relationship 4 Physical Equilibrium 1 Reaction Quotient and Direction of Reaction 3 Salt Hydrolysis 7 Solubility Product (Ksp) and Precipitation 21 pH of Strong Acid, Strong Base and Mixture of Strong Acid or Strong Base 5

PDFRedox Reactions25 questions · Physical Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (5)

Balancing of Redox Reactions 2 Equivalent Concept in Redox Titrations 3 Oxidation, Reduction and Oxidation Number (Concept and Calculation) 11 Oxidising and Reducing Agents 1 Types of Redox Reactions 8

PDFSolid State48 questions · Physical Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (5)

Crystal lattices & unit cells 13 Density calculations 12 Electrical & magnetic properties 1 Imperfections in solids 8 Packing efficiency 14

PDFSolutions53 questions · Physical Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (9)

Abnormal Molar Mass and Abnormal Colligative Properties 9 Depression of Freezing Point 5 Elevation of Boiling Point 2 Ideal Solutions, Non-Ideal Solutions and Azeotropes 13 Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure 9 Solubility of a Solid in a Liquid, Solubility of a Gas in a Liquid, Factors Affecting Solubility, Henry's Law 3 Types of Solutions and Concentration Terms 5 Vapour Pressure of Liquid–Liquid Solutions and Raoult's Law 6 Vapour Pressure of Solutions of Solids in Liquids 1

PDFElectrochemistry69 questions · Physical Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (9)

Concept of ΔG and Maximum Work Done by a Galvanic Cell 12 Dry Cell, Batteries, Fuel Cell and Corrosion 4 Electrochemical Cells, Construction of Galvanic Cell and Calculation of Standard EMF 10 Electrochemical Series and its Application 6 Electrolytic Conductance 4 Kohlrausch's Law 11 Nernst Equation and its Application 9 Qualitative Electrolysis 2 Quantitative Electrolysis 11

PDFChemical Kinetics75 questions · Physical Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (10)

Average and Instantaneous Rate of Reaction 9 Collision Theory of Chemical Reactions 1 Effect of Catalyst 2 Half-Life of a Reaction 15 Integrated Rate Law of First Order Reaction 8 Integrated Rate Law of Zero Order Reaction 3 Rate Law Expression, Order and Molecularity of a Reaction 15 Reaction Mechanism, Transition State, Intermediate and Energy Profile Diagram 6 Temperature Coefficient and Maxwell–Boltzmann Distribution Curve 1 Temperature Dependence of the Rate of a Reaction and Arrhenius Equation 15

PDFSurface Chemistry27 questions · Physical Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (3)

Adsorption 8 Catalysis 4 Colloids 15

PDFClassification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties42 questions · Inorganic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Atomic Radius and Ionic Radius 13 Electron Gain Enthalpy 7 Electronegativity 1 Ionisation Enthalpy 10 Metallic and Non-Metallic Character 1 Modern Periodic Table, Long Form of Periodic Table and IUPAC Names of Elements (Z > 100) 2 Nature of Oxides 3 Period, Group and Block 5

PDFChemical Bonding and Molecular Structure109 questions · Inorganic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (11)

Bond Parameters: Bond Length, Bond Energy and Bond Angle 6 Dipole Moment, Polarity and Non-Polar Molecules 8 Fajans' Rule 3 Formal Charge and Resonance 3 Hybridisation 13 Hydrogen Bonding and van der Waals Forces 5 Lewis Structures, Octet Rule and Coordinate Bond 2 Molecular Orbital Theory (MOT) 28 VSEPR Theory and Molecular Geometry 34 Valence Bond Theory (VBT) and Orbital Overlap 3 π-Bonding, pπ–pπ and dπ–pπ Bonding 4

PDFHydrogen14 questions · Inorganic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (5)

Hydrides 4 Hydrogen peroxide 2 Position & isotopes 1 Preparation & properties of H2 5 Water & heavy water 2

PDFs-Block Elements40 questions · Inorganic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (5)

Anomalous behaviour & diagonal relationship 1 Group 1 general properties 12 Group 2 general properties 16 Important compounds of calcium 8 Important compounds of sodium 3

PDFp-Block Elements (Group 13 & 14)32 questions · Inorganic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (2)

Group 13 Elements (Boron Family) 16 Group 14 Elements (Carbon Family) 16

PDFEnvironmental Chemistry13 questions · Inorganic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (3)

Atmospheric pollution 9 Green chemistry 1 Water pollution 3

PDFGeneral Principles of Isolation of Elements24 questions · Inorganic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (4)

Concentration of ores 7 Electrochemical principles 3 Refining 3 Thermodynamic principles (Ellingham) 11

PDFp-Block Elements (Group 15–18)63 questions · Inorganic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (4)

Group 15 Elements (Nitrogen Family) 16 Group 16 Elements (Oxygen Family) 18 Group 17 Elements (Halogen Family) 23 Group 18 Elements (Noble Gas Family) 6

PDFd- and f-Block Elements78 questions · Inorganic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (16)

Actinoids: Electronic Configuration, Ionic Sizes and Oxidation States 4 Atomic Radius, Ionic Radius and Density of d-Block Elements 2 Formation of Complex Compounds, Catalytic Properties, Interstitial Compounds and Alloy Formation 7 General Characteristics of Actinoids and Comparison with Lanthanoids 2 General Characteristics, Chemical Properties and Uses of Lanthanoids 3 Ionisation Enthalpy of d-Block Elements 2 Lanthanoids: Electronic Configuration, Atomic and Ionic Sizes 13 Magnetic Properties of d-Block Elements and Formation of Coloured Ions 13 Melting Point and Enthalpy of Atomisation of d-Block Elements 2 Oxidation States of Lanthanoids 3 Oxidation States of d-Block Elements and Their Stability 8 Oxides and Oxo-Anions of Transition Metals 2 Position and Electronic Configuration of d-Block Elements 3 Preparation and Properties of KMnO₄ 7 Preparation and Properties of K₂Cr₂O₇ 4 Standard Electrode Potentials of M²⁺/M and M³⁺/M²⁺ 3

PDFCoordination Compounds101 questions · Inorganic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (10)

Applications and Importance of Coordination Compounds 6 Basic Terminology in Coordination Compounds 10 Colour in Coordination Compounds 5 Crystal Field Theory (CFT) 16 Metal Carbonyls and Synergic Bonding 11 Nomenclature and Formula Writing of Coordination Compounds 6 Stereoisomerism in Coordination Compounds 15 Structural Isomerism in Coordination Compounds 4 Valence Bond Theory (VBT) in Coordination Compounds 22 Werner's Theory 6

PDFOrganic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques71 questions · Organic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (22)

PDFIsomerism40 questions · Organic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (13)

Chiral Carbon and Basic Conditions for Optical Isomerism 3 Cis/Trans Nomenclature, E/Z Nomenclature, Syn/Anti Nomenclature 1 Conditions and Types for Geometrical Isomerism 5 Conformational Isomerism 7 Elements of Symmetry (POS, COS, AOS, AAS) 1 Isomerism in coordination compounds 1 Number of Stereoisomers 2 Optical Activity Without a Classical Chiral Carbon 1 R/S Nomenclature and D/L Nomenclature 2 Relations Between Stereoisomers 2 Retention, Inversion and Racemisation in Reactions 5 Structural Isomerism 6 Tautomerism 4

PDFHydrocarbons58 questions · Organic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (10)

Chemical Properties of Alkanes 2 Chemical Properties of Alkenes 18 Chemical Properties of Alkynes 7 Chemical Properties of Aromatic Hydrocarbons 18 Nomenclature, Structure of Double Bond, Structural and Geometrical Isomerism of Alkenes 1 Physical Properties of Alkanes 2 Preparation of Alkanes 4 Preparation of Alkenes 3 Preparation of Alkynes 2 Preparation of Benzene 1

PDFHaloalkanes and Haloarenes36 questions · Organic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (9)

Elimination Reactions of Haloalkanes 5 Mechanism and Reactivity of SN1 and SN2 12 Nature of C–X Bond 2 Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Substitution in Haloarenes 3 Polyhalogen Compounds 2 Preparation of Haloalkanes 3 Preparation of Haloarenes 4 Reaction of Haloalkanes and Haloarenes with Metals 4 Structure and Classification of Haloalkanes and Haloarenes 1

PDFAlcohols, Phenols and Ethers55 questions · Organic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (9)

Chemical Reactions of Ethers 6 Oxidation of Alcohols 5 Preparation of Alcohols 10 Preparation of Ethers 5 Preparation of Phenols 3 Reactions of Alcohols Involving Cleavage of C–O Bond 10 Reactions of Alcohols and Phenols Involving Cleavage of O–H Bond 9 Reactions of Phenols 6 Some Commercially Important Alcohols 1

PDFAldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids79 questions · Organic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (13)

Acidity of Carboxylic Acids 4 Aldol Condensation of Aldehydes and Ketones 9 Cannizzaro Reaction of Aldehydes 5 Nucleophilic Addition Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones 17 Oxidation of Aldehydes and Ketones 3 Oxidation of Methyl Ketones (Haloform Reaction) 6 Physical Properties of Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 2 Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones 13 Preparation of Carboxylic Acids 5 Reactions of Carboxylic Acids Involving Cleavage of C–OH Bond 6 Reactions of Carboxylic Acids Involving the –COOH Group 2 Reduction of Aldehydes and Ketones 5 Substitution Reactions in the Hydrocarbon Part of Carboxylic Acids 2

PDFAmines58 questions · Organic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Basicity of Amines 7 Chemical Reactions of Amines 20 Chemical Reactions of Diazonium Salts, Coupling Reactions and Azo Compounds 10 Diazonium Salts: Structure, Properties and Preparation 2 Preparation of Amines 18 Synthetic Applications of Amines and Diazonium Salts 1

PDFBiomolecules65 questions · Organic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (10)

Amino Acids 6 Carbohydrates: Introduction, Classification and General Properties 3 Disaccharides and Oligosaccharides 4 Enzymes 6 Hormones 6 Monosaccharides 7 Nucleic Acids 11 Polysaccharides 4 Proteins 11 Vitamins 7

PDFPolymers31 questions · Organic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (5)

Addition polymers 6 Biodegradable polymers 3 Classification 7 Condensation polymers 8 Rubber 7

PDFChemistry in Everyday Life16 questions · Organic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (3)

Chemicals in food 1 Drugs & medicines 13 Soaps & detergents 2

PDFPrinciples Related to Practical Chemistry29 questions · Organic Chemistry⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Chemistry Involved in Preparation of Inorganic Compounds 2 Chemistry Involved in Titrimetric Exercises 2 Detection of Functional Groups 2 Methods of Purification of Organic Compounds 8 Qualitative Analysis of Organic Compounds 5 Qualitative Salt Analysis of Anions 2 Qualitative Salt Analysis of Cations 3 Quantitative Analysis of Organic Compounds 5

Botany — chapter-wise

PDFThe Living World27 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (5)

Binomial Nomenclature (ICBN / ICZN Rules) 5 Taxonomic Categories (Species to Kingdom) 13 Taxonomical Aids: Herbarium, Botanical Gardens, Museum, Zoological Parks, Key (Old Syllabus) 4 Taxonomy and Systematics 1 What is Living? Characteristics of Living Organisms 4

PDFBiological Classification116 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (5)

Kingdom Fungi (Phycomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes) 27 Kingdom Monera (Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Cyanobacteria, Mycoplasma) 35 Kingdom Protista (Chrysophytes, Dinoflagellates, Euglenoids, Slime Moulds, Protozoans) 17 Two, Three and Five Kingdom Classification 9 Viruses, Viroids, Prions and Lichens 28

PDFPlant Kingdom106 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (7)

Algae (Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyceae) 26 Angiosperms (Overview) 3 Bryophytes (Liverworts, Mosses) 17 Classification Systems (Artificial, Natural, Phylogenetic), Numerical Taxonomy 6 Gymnosperms 26 Plant Life Cycles and Alternation of Generations 11 Pteridophytes 17

PDFMorphology of Flowering Plants125 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (9)

Aestivation and Placentation 21 Families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae, Liliaceae (Old Syllabus) 16 Semi-technical Description of a Flowering Plant, Floral Formula 3 The Flower: Parts, Symmetry, Position of Ovary 23 The Fruit and The Seed (Dicot and Monocot) 31 The Inflorescence (Racemose, Cymose) 4 The Leaf: Venation, Types, Phyllotaxy and Modifications 7 The Root: Regions and Modifications 9 The Stem and Its Modifications 11

PDFAnatomy of Flowering Plants82 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Anatomy of Dicot and Monocot Leaf 5 Anatomy of Dicot and Monocot Root 9 Anatomy of Dicot and Monocot Stem 4 Meristematic Tissues 8 Permanent Tissues: Complex (Xylem, Phloem) 13 Permanent Tissues: Simple (Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma) 4 Secondary Growth: Vascular Cambium, Wood, Cork Cambium (Old Syllabus) 26 The Tissue System (Epidermal, Ground, Vascular) 13

PDFCell: The Unit of Life130 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (9)

Cell Theory and Overview of the Cell 8 Cilia, Flagella and Centrosome 5 Endomembrane System (ER, Golgi, Lysosomes, Vacuoles) 31 Eukaryotic Cells: Cell Membrane and Cell Wall 13 Microbodies 1 Mitochondria and Plastids 18 Nucleus, Chromatin and Chromosomes 16 Prokaryotic Cells (Cell Envelope, Ribosomes, Inclusion Bodies) 25 Ribosomes and Cytoskeleton 13

PDFCell Cycle and Cell Division74 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Cell Cycle: Phases (G1, S, G2, M) and Regulation 23 Cytokinesis 1 M Phase: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase 18 Meiosis I (Prophase I Substages, Crossing Over) 28 Meiosis II 3 Significance of Mitosis 1

PDFTransport in Plants35 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (5)

Long Distance Transport of Water, Ascent of Sap 11 Means of Transport (Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, Active Transport) 4 Phloem Transport: Pressure Flow Hypothesis 7 Plant–Water Relations (Water Potential, Osmosis, Plasmolysis, Imbibition) 3 Transpiration and Stomatal Movement 10

PDFMineral Nutrition54 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (5)

Deficiency Symptoms and Toxicity of Micronutrients 4 Essential Mineral Elements: Macro- and Micronutrients and Their Roles 26 Mechanism of Absorption and Translocation of Elements 1 Metabolism of Nitrogen: Nitrogen Cycle and Biological Nitrogen Fixation 22 Soil as Reservoir of Essential Elements 1

PDFPhotosynthesis in Higher Plants78 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Biosynthetic Phase: Calvin Cycle (C3 Pathway) 14 C4 Pathway (Hatch and Slack), Kranz Anatomy 19 Cyclic and Non-cyclic Photophosphorylation, Chemiosmotic Hypothesis 10 Early Experiments (Priestley, Ingenhousz, Engelmann, Van Niel, Hill) 2 Factors Affecting Photosynthesis (Blackman's Law) 3 Light Reaction: Photosystems and Electron Transport (Z-scheme) 13 Photorespiration 10 Site of Photosynthesis and Pigments Involved 7

PDFRespiration in Plants42 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Aerobic Respiration: TCA (Krebs) Cycle 8 Amphibolic Pathway 4 Do Plants Breathe? Overview of Cellular Respiration 4 Electron Transport System and Oxidative Phosphorylation 11 Fermentation 5 Glycolysis 5 Respiratory Quotient 2 The Respiratory Balance Sheet 3

PDFPlant Growth and Development82 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Development and Plasticity 6 Differentiation, Dedifferentiation and Redifferentiation 4 Ethylene and Abscisic Acid 12 Gibberellins and Cytokinins 19 Growth: Phases, Growth Rates (Arithmetic, Geometric) and Conditions 6 Photoperiodism and Vernalisation (Old Syllabus) 12 Plant Growth Regulators: Auxins 19 Seed Dormancy (Old Syllabus) 4

PDFReproduction in Organisms17 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (4)

Asexual Reproduction (Binary Fission, Budding, Spores, Vegetative Propagation) 8 Fertilisation and Post-fertilisation Events (Zygote, Embryogenesis) 3 Life Span and Phases of Life Cycle 1 Sexual Reproduction: Pre-fertilisation Events (Gametogenesis, Gamete Transfer) 5

PDFSexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants122 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (9)

Apomixis and Polyembryony 7 Double Fertilisation 7 Flower: Structure and Pre-fertilisation Structures 4 Outbreeding Devices and Pollen–Pistil Interaction 8 Pollination: Types, Agencies and Adaptations 30 Post-fertilisation: Endosperm and Embryo Development 10 Seed and Fruit Formation 11 Stamen, Microsporangium and Pollen Grain (Microsporogenesis) 23 The Pistil, Megasporangium (Ovule) and Embryo Sac (Megasporogenesis) 22

PDFPrinciples of Inheritance and Variation168 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (10)

Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance, Linkage and Recombination 16 Dihybrid Cross and Law of Independent Assortment 12 Genetic Disorders: Chromosomal (Down's, Klinefelter's, Turner's) 18 Genetic Disorders: Mendelian (Haemophilia, Colour Blindness, Sickle Cell, PKU, Thalassemia) 33 Incomplete Dominance, Co-dominance and Multiple Allelism (ABO Blood Groups) 22 Mendel's Laws of Inheritance, Monohybrid Cross 27 Mutation 10 Pedigree Analysis 9 Polygenic Inheritance and Pleiotropy 8 Sex Determination (Humans, Birds, Honey Bee, Grasshopper) 13

PDFMolecular Basis of Inheritance168 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (10)

DNA Fingerprinting 10 DNA Replication (Meselson–Stahl Experiment, Machinery) 10 Genetic Code and tRNA 23 Human Genome Project 5 RNA World and Properties of Genetic Material 6 Regulation of Gene Expression: Lac Operon 24 The DNA: Structure and Packaging of DNA Helix 33 The Search for Genetic Material (Griffith, Avery–MacLeod–McCarty, Hershey–Chase) 8 Transcription (Transcription Unit, Types of RNA, Processing) 36 Translation 13

PDFStrategies for Enhancement in Food Production56 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Animal Breeding (Inbreeding, Outbreeding, MOET) 10 Animal Husbandry (Dairy, Poultry, Bee-keeping, Fisheries) 4 Plant Breeding for Disease and Pest Resistance 6 Plant Breeding for Improved Food Quality (Biofortification) 3 Plant Breeding: Steps and Green Revolution 14 Single Cell Protein and Tissue Culture 19

PDFMicrobes in Human Welfare78 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Microbes as Biocontrol Agents 9 Microbes as Biofertilisers 18 Microbes in Household Products 7 Microbes in Industrial Products (Fermented Beverages, Antibiotics, Enzymes, Bioactive Molecules) 30 Microbes in Production of Biogas 7 Microbes in Sewage Treatment 7

PDFOrganisms and Populations91 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Adaptations (Old Syllabus) 7 Life History Variation 1 Organism and Its Environment: Abiotic Factors and Responses (Old Syllabus) 16 Population Attributes (Density, Natality, Mortality, Age Pyramids) 10 Population Growth (Exponential and Logistic Models) 18 Population Interactions (Predation, Competition, Parasitism, Commensalism, Mutualism, Amensalism) 39

PDFEcosystem79 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Decomposition 9 Ecological Pyramids 12 Ecological Succession (Old Syllabus) 10 Ecosystem: Structure and Function, Productivity 23 Energy Flow (Food Chains, Food Webs, Trophic Levels) 17 Nutrient Cycling: Carbon and Phosphorus (Old Syllabus) 8

PDFBiodiversity and Conservation87 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (7)

Biodiversity Conservation: Ex situ 18 Biodiversity Conservation: In situ (Hotspots, Biosphere Reserves, Sacred Groves) 24 Biodiversity: Levels (Genetic, Species, Ecological) 12 Importance of Species Diversity to the Ecosystem (Rivet Popper Hypothesis) 2 Loss of Biodiversity: Causes (The Evil Quartet) 22 Patterns of Biodiversity (Latitudinal Gradients, Species–Area Relationship) 7 Why Should We Conserve Biodiversity? (Utilitarian and Ethical Reasons) 2

PDFEnvironmental Issues84 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Air Pollution and Its Control 22 Deforestation and Degradation by Improper Resource Utilisation 5 Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming 13 Ozone Depletion 15 Solid Wastes, Agrochemicals and Radioactive Wastes 6 Water Pollution and Its Control (BOD, Eutrophication) 23

PDFBiomolecules (Biology)95 questions · Other chapters⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (9)

Analysis of Chemical Composition, Primary and Secondary Metabolites 11 Biomacromolecules: Amino Acids and Proteins (Structure) 19 Carbohydrates (Polysaccharides) 10 Dynamic State of Body Constituents: Metabolism 1 Enzyme Classification, Nomenclature and Cofactors 15 Enzymes: Properties, Mechanism of Action and Factors Affecting Activity 19 Lipids 11 Nature of Bond Linking Monomers in a Polymer 5 Nucleic Acids: Structure of DNA and RNA 4

Zoology — chapter-wise

PDFAnimal Kingdom121 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (10)

Basis of Classification (Symmetry, Germ Layers, Coelom, Segmentation, Notochord) 17 Phylum Annelida 2 Phylum Arthropoda 18 Phylum Coelenterata (Cnidaria) and Ctenophora 8 Phylum Hemichordata and Chordata (Urochordata, Cephalochordata) 15 Phylum Mollusca and Echinodermata 5 Phylum Platyhelminthes and Aschelminthes 9 Phylum Porifera 5 Vertebrata: Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, Mammalia 23 Vertebrata: Cyclostomata, Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes 19

PDFStructural Organisation in Animals91 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (7)

Cockroach: Morphology and Anatomy (Old Syllabus) 21 Connective Tissue 19 Earthworm: Morphology and Anatomy (Old Syllabus) 8 Epithelial Tissue 20 Frog: Morphology and Anatomy 14 Muscle Tissue 8 Neural Tissue 1

PDFBiomolecules (Biology)3 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (2)

Analysis of Chemical Composition, Primary and Secondary Metabolites 2 Biomacromolecules: Amino Acids and Proteins (Structure) 1

PDFDigestion and Absorption58 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (5)

Absorption of Digested Products 8 Alimentary Canal 13 Digestion of Food (Mouth, Stomach, Small Intestine) 20 Digestive Glands 9 Disorders of the Digestive System 8

PDFBreathing and Exchange of Gases49 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (7)

Disorders of the Respiratory System 8 Exchange of Gases (Partial Pressures) 3 Mechanism of Breathing 3 Regulation of Respiration 4 Respiratory Organs in Animals, Human Respiratory System 7 Respiratory Volumes and Capacities 10 Transport of Gases, Oxygen Dissociation Curve 14

PDFBody Fluids and Circulation75 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (9)

Blood Groups (ABO, Rh) and Coagulation 17 Blood: Plasma and Formed Elements 20 Cardiac Cycle and Cardiac Output 7 Circulatory Pathways, Human Heart 11 Disorders of the Circulatory System 1 Double Circulation 8 Electrocardiograph (ECG) 7 Lymph (Tissue Fluid) 2 Regulation of Cardiac Activity 2

PDFExcretory Products and their Elimination53 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

Disorders of the Excretory System (Dialysis, Transplant) 2 Function of the Tubules, Counter Current Mechanism 13 Human Excretory System, Structure of Nephron 5 Micturition 3 Modes of Excretion (Ammonotelic, Ureotelic, Uricotelic) 14 Regulation of Kidney Function (ADH, RAAS, ANF) 12 Role of Other Organs in Excretion 2 Urine Formation (Glomerular Filtration, Reabsorption, Secretion) 2

PDFLocomotion and Movement61 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Disorders of Muscular and Skeletal System 13 Joints 13 Mechanism of Muscle Contraction (Sliding Filament Theory) 12 Muscle: Structure of Contractile Proteins 5 Skeletal System: Axial and Appendicular Skeleton 17 Types of Movement 1

PDFNeural Control and Coordination59 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (7)

Central Neural System: Forebrain, Midbrain, Hindbrain 13 Generation and Conduction of Nerve Impulse 6 Neural System, Human Neural System (CNS, PNS) 5 Neuron as Structural and Functional Unit 8 Sensory Reception: Ear (Old Syllabus) 4 Sensory Reception: Eye (Old Syllabus) 15 Transmission of Impulses (Synapse, Neurotransmitters) 8

PDFChemical Coordination and Integration75 questions · Class 11⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (9)

Disorders of Endocrine Glands 6 Endocrine Glands and Hormones: Overview 10 Hormones of Heart, Kidney and Gastrointestinal Tract 5 Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland 11 Mechanism of Hormone Action 10 Pancreas 5 Parathyroid, Thymus and Adrenal Gland 16 Pineal and Thyroid Gland 7 Testis and Ovary 5

PDFHuman Reproduction113 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (7)

Fertilisation and Implantation 18 Gametogenesis: Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis 21 Menstrual Cycle 24 Parturition and Lactation 8 Pregnancy and Embryonic Development (Placenta, Gastrulation) 17 The Female Reproductive System 10 The Male Reproductive System 15

PDFReproductive Health59 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (5)

Infertility and Assisted Reproductive Technologies (IVF, ZIFT, GIFT, ICSI, AI) 14 Medical Termination of Pregnancy 2 Population Stabilisation and Birth Control (Contraceptive Methods) 29 Reproductive Health: Problems and Strategies 4 Sexually Transmitted Infections 10

PDFEvolution125 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (7)

A Brief Account of Evolution (Geological Time Scale) 9 Adaptive Radiation 12 Evidences for Evolution (Palaeontology, Homology, Analogy, Biochemical) 35 Mechanism of Evolution, Hardy–Weinberg Principle, Genetic Drift 27 Origin and Evolution of Man 18 Origin of Life (Oparin–Haldane, Miller's Experiment) 11 Theories of Evolution: Lamarck, Darwin (Natural Selection), de Vries (Mutation) 13

PDFHuman Health and Disease98 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (8)

AIDS 8 Allergies and Autoimmunity 4 Antibodies, Vaccination and Immunisation 5 Cancer 10 Common Diseases in Humans (Typhoid, Pneumonia, Cold, Malaria, Amoebiasis, Ascariasis, Filariasis, Ringworm) 32 Drugs and Alcohol Abuse 16 Immune System in the Body (Lymphoid Organs) 5 Immunity: Innate and Acquired, Active and Passive 18

PDFBiotechnology: Principles and Processes115 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Cloning Vectors (pBR322, Ti Plasmid) and Competent Host 32 Downstream Processing 2 Insertion of rDNA into Host, Obtaining the Foreign Gene Product (Bioreactors) 10 Principles of Biotechnology (Genetic Engineering) 6 Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology: Isolation, Cutting, Amplification (PCR) 22 Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology: Restriction Enzymes and Gel Electrophoresis 43

PDFBiotechnology and its Applications74 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (6)

Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture (Bt Cotton, RNA Interference, Pest Resistant Plants) 38 Biotechnological Applications in Medicine (Genetically Engineered Insulin) 11 Ethical Issues (Biopiracy, Patents, GEAC) 5 Gene Therapy 8 Molecular Diagnosis (PCR, ELISA) 8 Transgenic Animals 4

PDFBiology Experimental Skills2 questions · Class 12⬇

Topic-wise PDFs (2)

Microscopy and Preparation of Temporary Mounts 1 Study of Mitosis in Onion Root Tip 1