Regarding the hydrides of group 15 elements EH3 (E = N, P, As, Sb), select the correct statement from the following : Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
- A, B & C only
- A, B, C & D
- A & D only
- B & C only
Answer
(1) A, B & C only
Solution
A. As per NCERT, the E–H bond dissociation enthalpy decreases down the group because the size of E increases, so the stability of hydrides decreases from NH3 to SbH3. Correct.
B. The lone pair on E becomes more diffuse as the size increases, so basicity decreases: NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3. Correct.
C. Weaker E–H bonds give up hydrogen more easily, so the reducing character increases down the group. Correct.
D. Boiling points (NCERT): PH3 (185.5 K) < AsH3 (210.6 K) < NH3 (238.5 K) < SbH3 (254.6 K).
NH3 has an unusually high boiling point because of hydrogen bonding, so the boiling point does not increase regularly down the group. Incorrect.
A, B and C are correct.
Answer: (1)