Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

Identify the correct sequence of steps in each cycle of Polymerase Chain Reaction :

1. Denaturation Extension Annealing
2. Denaturation Annealing Extension
3. Annealing Denaturation Extension
4. Extension Annealing Denaturation

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. A is not correct but R is correct
2. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
3. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
4. A is correct but R is not correct

During PCR, primers bind to the DNA strands in the step.

1. ligation
2. denaturation
3. extension
4. annealing

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies DNA following the equation.

1. 2n+1
2. 2 N2
3. N2
4. 2n

Following are the steps involved in the process of PCR. Choose the correct sequence of steps of PCR from the options given below :

1. C A D E B
2. A B E D C
3. A C E D B
4. D B E C A

During the purification process for recombinant DNA technology, addition of chilled ethanol precipitates out

1. DNA
2. Histones
3. Polysaccharides
4. RNA

Main steps in the formation of Recombinant DNA are given below. Arrange these steps in a correct sequence. Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. C, A, B, D
2. C, B, D, A
3. B, D, A, C
4. B, C, D, A

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

1. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
3. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
4. (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

The enzyme (a) is needed for isolating genetic material from plant cells and enzyme (b) for isolating genetic material from fungus. Choose the correct pair of options from the following :

1. (a) Cellulase (b) Lipase
2. (a) Cellulase (b) Protease
3. (a) Cellulase (b) Chitinase
4. (a) Chitinase (b) Lipase

During the purification process for recombinant DNA technology, addition of chilled ethanol precipitates out :

1. Polysaccharides
2. RNA
3. DNA
4. Histones

Which of the following is a correct sequence of steps in a PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?

1. Annealing, Denaturation, Extension
2. Denaturation, Annealing, Extension
3. Denaturation, Extension, Annealing
4. Extension, Denaturation, Annealing

During the process of gene amplification using PCR, if very high temperature is not maintained in the beginning, then which of the following steps of PCR will be affected first?

1. Ligation
2. Annealing
3. Extension
4. Denaturation

DNA precipitation out of a mixture of biomolecules can be achieved by treatment with :

1. Methanol at room temperature
2. Chilled chloroform
3. Isopropanol
4. Chilled ethanol

The correct order of steps in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is

1. extension, denaturation, annealing
2. annealing, extension, denaturation
3. denaturation, extension, annealing
4. denaturation, annealing, extension

The taq polymerase enzyme is obtained from

1. Thermus aquaticus
2. Bacillus subtilis
3. Pseudomonas putida
4. Thiobacillus ferrooxidans

A foreign DNA and plasmid cut by the same restriction endonuclease can be joined to form a recombinant plasmid using

1. Eco RI
2. Polymerase III
3. Ligase
4. Taq polymerase

Which of the following is not correctly matched for the organism and its cell wall degrading enzyme ?

1. Plant cells- Cellulase
2. Algae-Methylase
3. Fungi - Chitinase
4. Bacteria-Lysozyme

Genes of interest can be selected from a genomic library by using :

1. Restriction enzymes
2. Gene targets
3. Cloning vectors
4. DNA probes

During the process of isolation of DNA, chilled ethanol is added to :

1. Break open the cell to release DNA
2. Remove proteins such as histones
3. Facilitate action of restriction enzymes
4. Precipitate DNA

The figure below shows three steps (A, B, C) of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Select the option giving correct identification together with what it represents ? [figure]

1. C - Extension in the presence of heat stable DNA polymerase
2. B - Denaturation at a temperature of about 98 separating the two DNA strands
3. A - Denaturation at a temperature of about 50
4. A - Annealing with two sets of primers

Which one is a true statement regarding DNA polymerase used in PCR?

1. It is used to ligate introduced DNA in recipient cell
2. It remains active at high temperature
3. It serves as a selectable marker
4. It is isolated from a virus

Read the following four statements (A-D) with certain mistakes in two of them. Which are the two statements having mistakes?

1. Statements (B) and (C)
2. Statements (A) and (C)
3. Statements (A) and (B)
4. Statements (C) and (D)