Consider two identical metallic spheres of radius R each having charge Q and mass m. Their centers have an initial separation of 4R. Both the spheres are given an initial speed of u towards each other. The minimum value of u, so that they can just touch each other is: (Take k = 14 0 and assume kQ2 > Gm2 where G is the Gravitational constant)
- kQ24mR (1 + Gm2kQ2 )
- kQ22mR (1 - Gm22kQ2 )
- kQ22mR (1 - Gm2kQ2 )
- kQ24mR (1 - Gm2kQ2 )
Answer
(4) kQ24mR (1 - Gm2kQ2 )
Solution
Potential energy of the pair at centre separation x: U = kQ2x - Gm2x = kQ2 - Gm2x (net repulsive since kQ2 > Gm2)
They just touch when x = 2R with both speeds zero (by symmetry both stop together).
Energy conservation: 2 12mu2 + kQ2 - Gm24R = kQ2 - Gm22R
mu2 = kQ2 - Gm24R
u2 = kQ24mR (1 - Gm2kQ2 )
u = kQ24mR (1 - Gm2kQ2 )
Answer: (4)