Neural Control and Coordination

A sagittal section of human brain is shown here. Identify at least two labels from A-D. [Figure]

1. A-Cerebral hemispheres, B-Cerebellum
2. B-Corpus callosum, D-Medulla
3. C-Mid brain, D-Cerebellum
4. A-Cerebrum, C-Pons

The human hind brain comprises three parts, one of which is

1. spinal cord
2. corpus callosum
3. cerebellum
4. hypothalamus.

Which part of the human ear plays no role in hearing as such but is otherwise very much required?

1. Eustachian tube
2. Organ of Corti
3. Vestibular apparatus
4. Ear ossicles

When a neuron is in resting state i.e., not conducting any impulse, the axonal membrane is

1. comparatively more permeable to Na+ ions and nearly impermeable to K+ ions
2. equally permeable to both Na+ and K+ ions
3. impermeable to both Na+ and K+ ions
4. comparatively more permeable to K+ ions and nearly impermeable to Na+ ions.

The purplish red pigment rhodopsin contained in the rod type of photoreceptor cells of the human eye, is a derivative of

1. vitamin B1
2. vitamin C
3. vitamin D
4. vitamin A

Select the answer with correct matching of the structure, its location and function.

1. array|l|l|l| Structure & Location & Function \ Eustachian tube & Anterior part of internal ear & Equalises air pressure on either side of tympanic membrane \ array
2. array|l|l|l| Structure & Location & Function \ Cerebellum & Midbrain & Controls respiration and gastric secretions \ array
3. array|l|l|l| Structure & Location & Function \ Hypothalamus & Forebrain & Controls body temperature, urge for eating and drinking \ array
4. array|l|l|l| Structure & Location & Function \ Blind spot & Near the place where optic nerve leaves the eye & Rods and cones are present but inactive here \ array

The nerve centres which control the body temperature and the urge for eating are contained in

1. hypothalamus
2. pons
3. cerebellum
4. thalamus

Alzheimer's disease in humans is associated with the deficiency of

1. glutamic acid
2. acetylcholine
3. gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)
4. dopamine.

Which part of human brain is concerned with the regulation of body temperature?

1. Cerebellum
2. Cerebrum
3. Hypothalamus
4. Medulla oblongata

During the propagation of a nerve impulse, the action potential results from the movement of

1. K+ ions from intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid
2. Na+ ions from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid
3. K+ ions from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid
4. Na+ ions from intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid

Given below is a diagrammatic cross section of a single loop of human cochlea. [Figure] Which one of the following options correctly represents the names of three different parts?

1. B : Tectorial membrane, C : Perilymph, D : Secretory cells
2. A : Perilymph, B : Tectorial membrane, C : Endolymph
3. C : Endolymph, D : Sensory hair cells, A : Serum
4. D : Sensory hair cells, A : Endolymph, B : Tectorial membrane

Cornea transplant in humans is almost never rejected. This is because

1. it is composed of enucleated cells
2. it is a non-living layer
3. its cells are least penetrable by bacteria
4. it has no blood supply

Which one of the following is the correct difference between rod cells and cone cells of our retina?

1. array|l|l|l| & Rod cells & Cone cells \ Overall function & Vision in poor light & Colour vision and detailed vision in bright light \ array
2. array|l|l|l| & Rod cells & Cone cells \ Distribution & More concentrated in centre of retina & Evenly distributed all over retina \ array
3. array|l|l|l| & Rod cells & Cone cells \ Visual acuity & High & Low \ array
4. array|l|l|l| & Rod cells & Cone cells \ Visual pigment contained & Iodopsin & Rhodopsin \ array

During the transmission of nerve impulse through a nerve fibre, the potential on the inner side of the plasma membrane has which type of electric change?

1. First positive, then negative and continue to be negative
2. First negative, then positive and continue to be positive
3. First positive, then negative and again back to positive
4. First negative, then positive and again back to negative

Bowman's glands are located in the

1. Anterior pituitary
2. Female reproductive system of cockroach
3. Olfactory epithelium of our nose
4. Proximal end of uriniferous tubules

Which one of the following pairs of structures distinguishes a nerve cell from other types of cell?

1. Perikaryon and dendrites
2. Nucleus and mitochondria
3. Flagellum and medullary sheath
4. Vacuoles and fibres

Which one of the following does not act as a neurotransmitter?

1. Cortisone
2. Acetylcholine
3. Epinephrine
4. Norepinephrine

Which one of the following is an example of the action of the autonomic nervous system?

1. Swallowing of food
2. Pupillary reflex
3. Peristalsis of the intestine
4. Knee-jerk response

In a man, abducens nerve is injured. Which one of the following functions will be affected?

1. Movement of the eyeball
2. Movement of the tongue
3. Swallowing
4. Movement of the neck

Parkinson's disease (characterized by tremors and progressive rigidity of limbs) is caused by degeneration of brain neurons that are involved in movement control and make use of neurotransmitter

1. acetylcholine
2. norepinephrine
3. dopamine
4. GABA

Four healthy people in their twenties got involved in injuries resulting in damage and death of a few cells of the following. Which of the cells are least likely to be replaced by new cells -

1. Malpighian layer of the skin
2. Osteocytes
3. Neurons
4. Liver cells

In the resting state of the neural membrane, diffusion due to concentration gradients, if allowed, would drive

1. K+ into the cell
2. K+ and Na+ out of the cell
3. Na+ into the cell
4. Na+ out of the cell.

Injury to vagus nerve in humans is not likely to affect

1. tongue movements
2. gastrointestinal movements
3. pancreatic secretion
4. cardiac movements.

What used to be described as Nissl's granules in a nerve cell are now identified as

1. cell metabolites
2. fat granules
3. ribosomes
4. mitochondria.

Which of the following statements is correct for node of Ranvier of nerve?

1. Neurilemma is discontinuous
2. Myelin sheath is discontinuous
3. Both neurilemma and myelin sheath are discontinuous
4. Covered by myelin sheath

When we migrate from dark to light, we fail to see for some time but after a time visibility becomes normal. It is an example of

1. accommodation
2. adaptation
3. mutation
4. photoperiodism

Which of the following statements is the characteristic of human cornea?

1. It is secreted by conjunctiva and glandular layer.
2. It is a lacrimal gland which secretes tears.
3. Blood circulation is absent in cornea.
4. In old age it becomes the cause of cataract.

Depolarization of axolemma during nerve conduction takes place because of

1. equal amount of Na+ and K+ move out across axolemma
2. Na+ move inside and K+ move more outside
3. more Na+ outside
4. none of these

Which food should be eaten during deficiency of rhodopsin in eyes?

1. Carrot and ripe papayas
2. Guava, banana
3. Mango and potato
4. None of the above