Evolution · Question 58

The extinct human who lived 1,00,000 to 40,000 years ago, in Europe, Asia and parts of Africa, with short stature, heavy eyebrows, retreating foreheads, large jaws with heavy teeth, stocky bodies, a lumbering gait and stooped posture was :

1. Neanderthal human
2. Homo habilis
3. Cro-Magnon humans
4. Ramapithecus

What was the most significant trend in the evolution of modern man ( Homo sapiens) from his ancestors ?

1. Upright posture
2. Shortening of jaws
3. Binocular vision
4. Increasing cranial capacity

Given below are four statements (A-D) each with one or two blanks. Select the option which correctly fills up the blanks in two statements.

1. C - (i) vestigial, (ii) anatomical, D - (i) mutations, (ii) multiplication
2. D - (i) small variations, (ii) survival, A - (i) convergent
3. A - (i) convergent, B - (i) oxygen, (ii) nucleosides
4. B - (i) water vapour, (ii) amino acids, C - (i) rudimentary, (ii) anatomical

The most apparent changes during the evolutionary history of Homo sapiens are traced in

1. Remarkable increase in the brain size
2. Walking upright
3. Loss of body hair
4. Shortening of the jaws

Darwin's finches are a good example of –

1. Convergent evolution
2. Connecting link
3. Industrial melanism
4. Adaptive radiation

In the case of peppered moth ( Biston betularia) the black-coloured form became dominant over the light-coloured form in England during industrial revolution. This is an example of -

1. Natural selection whereby the darker forms were selected
2. Protective mimicry
3. Inheritance of darker colour character acquired due to the darker environment
4. Appearance of the darker coloured individuals due to very poor sunlight

Which one of the following pairs of items correctly belongs to the category of organs mentioned against it?

1. Nephridia of earthworm and Malpighian tubules of cockroach - excretory organs
2. Wings of honey bee and wings of crow - homologous organs
3. Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita - analogous organs
4. Nictitating membrane and blind spot in human eye - vestigial organs

Darwin's finches are a good example of –

1. Convergent evolution
2. Adaptive radiation
3. Connecting link
4. Industrial melanism

Which one of the following scientist's name is correctly matched with the theory put forth by him?

1. Mendel — Theory of pangenesis
2. de Vries — Natural selection
3. Pasteur — Inheritance of acquired characters
4. Weismann — Theory of continuity of germplasm

Which one of the following is incorrect about the characteristics of protobionts (coacervates and microspheres) as envisaged in the abiogenic origin of life?

1. They could separate combinations of molecules from the surroundings
2. They were able to reproduce
3. They were partially isolated from the surroundings
4. They could maintain an internal environment