Anatomy of Flowering Plants

Plants having little or no secondary growth are

1. deciduous angiosperms
2. grasses
3. cycads
4. conifers

The vascular cambium normally gives rise to :

1. Primary phloem
2. Secondary xylem
3. Periderm
4. Phelloderm

Which of the following is made up of dead cells ?

1. Collenchyma
2. Xylem parenchyma
3. Phellem
4. Phloem

Identify the wrong statement in context of heartwood :

1. It is highly durable.
2. It comprises dead elements with highly lignified walls
3. It conducts water and minerals efficiently
4. Organic compounds are deposited in it

Specialised epidermal cells surrounding the guard cells are called -

1. Lenticels
2. Complementary cells
3. Bulliform cells
4. Subsidiary cells

Cortex is the region found between -

1. endodermis and pith
2. endodermis and vascular bundle
3. epidermis and stele
4. pericycle and endodermis

The balloon-shaped structures called tyloses

1. are extensions of xylem parenchyma cells into vessels
2. originate in the lumen of vessels
3. are linked to the ascent of sap through xylem vessels
4. characterize the sapwood

Read the different components from (1) to (4) in the list given below and tell the correct order of the components with reference to their arrangement from outer side to inner side in a woody dicot stem : (1) Secondary cortex (2) Wood (3) Secondary phloem (4) Phellem The correct order is :

1. (3), (4), (2), (1)
2. (4), (1), (3), (2)
3. (4), (3), (1), (2)
4. (1), (2), (4), (3)

A major characteristic of the monocot root is the presence of :

1. Vasculature without cambium
2. Cambium sandwiched between phloem and xylem along the radius
3. Open vascular bundles
4. Scattered vascular bundles

Vascular bundles in monocotyledons are considered closed because

1. There are no vessels with perforations
2. Xylem is surrounded all around by phloem
3. A bundle sheath surrounds each bundle
4. Cambium is absent

You are given a fairly old piece of dicot stem and a dicot root. Which of the following anatomical structures will you use to distinguish between the two?

1. Secondary xylem
2. Protoxylem
3. Secondary phloem
4. Cortical cells

Tracheids differ from other tracheary elements in :

1. being imperforate
2. having Casparian strips
3. lacking nucleus
4. being lignified

Lenticels are involved in

1. Food transport
2. Photosynthesis
3. Transpiration
4. Gaseous exchange

Age of a tree can be estimated by :

1. Diameter of its heartwood
2. Number of annual rings
3. Its height and girth
4. Biomass

Interfascicular cambium develops from the cells of :

1. Endodermis
2. Pericycle
3. Medullary rays
4. Xylem parenchyma

Meristematic tissue responsible for increase in girth of tree trunk is :

1. Phellogen
2. Intercalary meristem
3. Apical meristem
4. Lateral meristem

Which of the following statements is not true for stomatal apparatus ?

1. Stomata are involved in gaseous exchange
2. Inner walls of guard cells are thick
3. Guard cells invariably possess chloroplasts and mitochondria
4. Guard cells are always surrounded by subsidiary cells

As compared to a dicot root, a monocot root has

1. More abundant secondary xylem
2. Relatively thicker periderm
3. Many xylem bundles
4. Inconspicuous annual rings

Gymnosperms are also called softwood spermatophytes because they lack

1. Cambium
2. Thick-walled tracheids
3. Phloem fibres
4. Xylem fibres

Water containing cavities in vascular bundles are found in

1. Maize
2. Cycas
3. Sunflower
4. Pinus

Closed vascular bundles lack

1. Ground tissue
2. Conjunctive tissue
3. Cambium
4. Pith

Companion cells are closely associated with

1. Sieve elements
2. Trichomes
3. Vessel elements
4. Guard cells

The common bottle cork is a product of

1. Phellogen
2. Xylem
3. Vascular Cambium
4. Dermatogen

Some vascular bundles are described as open because these :

1. are capable of producing secondary xylem and phloem
2. are not surrounded by pericycle
3. possess conjunctive tissue between xylem and phloem
4. are surrounded by pericycle but no endodermis

The cork cambium, cork and secondary cortex are collectively called :

1. Periderm
2. Phellem
3. Phellogen
4. Phelloderm

Ground tissue includes :

1. All tissues external to endodermis
2. Epidermis and cortex
3. All tissues internal to endodermis
4. All tissues except epidermis and vascular bundles

In land plants, the guard cells differ from other epidermal cells in having

1. cytoskeleton
2. mitochondria
3. endoplasmic reticulum
4. chloroplasts

Transport of food material in higher plants takes place through -

1. Sieve elements
2. Transfusion tissue
3. Companion cells
4. Tracheids

Given below is the diagram of a stomatal apparatus. In which of the following all the four parts labelled as A, B, C and D are correctly identified? [Figure]

1. A Epidermal cell, B Subsidiary cell, C Stomatal aperture, D Guard cell
2. A Subsidiary cell, B Epidermal cell, C Guard cell, D Stomatal aperture
3. A Guard cell, B Stomatal aperture, C Subsidiary cell, D Epidermal cell
4. A Epidermal cell, B Guard cell, C Stomatal aperture, D Subsidiary cell

Heartwood differs from sapwood in –

1. Having dead and non-conducting elements
2. Being susceptible to pests and pathogens
3. Presence of rays and fibres
4. Absence of vessels and parenchyma