Human Health and Disease

The following are the stages of life cycle of Plasmodium. Arrange the stages in the proper order. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A, B, C, D, E
2. E, C, D, B, A
3. E, D, B, A, C
4. C, A, B, D, E

Which of the following is used as an effective sedative and painkiller for treating post-surgery patients?

1. Anti-retroviral drugs
2. Interferon
3. Antibiotics
4. Morphine

Colostrum, secreted by mother during initial days of lactation, is abundant in .

1. IgD
2. IgG
3. IgM
4. IgA

Which of the following statements is correct about Plasmodium?

1. Fertilization takes place in mosquito gut
2. Reproduces sexually in liver cells
3. Reproduces sexually in RBCs
4. Gametocytes develop in mosquito gut

Which of the following are secondary lymphoid organs?

1. A and D only
2. A and B only
3. B and C only
4. B and D only

Neoplastic characteristics of cells refer to: Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A, B, D only
2. B, C, D only
3. A, B only
4. A, B, C only

Which are correct: Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. C and D only
2. A and C only
3. B and D only
4. D and E only

After maturation, in primary lymphoid organs, the lymphocytes migrate for interaction with antigens to secondary lymphoid organ(s) / tissue(s) like Choose the correct answer from the options given below

1. E, A, B only
2. C, D, E only
3. B, C, D only
4. A, B, C only

Which of the following type of immunity is present at the time of birth and is a non-specific type of defence in the human body?

1. Cell-mediated Immunity
2. Humoral Immunity
3. Acquired Immunity
4. Innate Immunity

Identify the statement that is NOT correct.

1. Antigen binding site is located at C-terminal region of antibody molecules.
2. Constant region of heavy and light chains are located at C-terminus of antibody molecules
3. Each antibody has two light and two heavy chains.
4. The heavy and light chains are held together by disulfide bonds.

Given below are two statements : In the light of above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

1. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
2. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
3. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.
4. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.

Given below are two statements: In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

1. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
2. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
3. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
4. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

In which blood corpuscles, the HIV undergoes replication and produces progeny viruses?

1. B-lymphocytes
2. Basophils
3. Eosinophils
4. TH cells

Given below are two statements: In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

1. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
2. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
3. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
4. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

Select the incorrect statement with respect to acquired immunity.

1. Primary response is produced when our body encounters a pathogen for the first time.
2. Anamnestic response is elicited on subsequent encounters with the same pathogen.
3. Anamnestic response is due to memory of first encounter.
4. Acquired immunity is non-specific type of defense present at the time of birth.

Which of the following reasons is mainly responsible for graft rejection in transplantation of organs?

1. Cell-mediated response
2. Inability of recipient to differentiate between ‘self’ and ‘non-self’ tissues/cells
3. Humoral immune response only
4. Auto-immune response

The infectious stage of Plasmodium that enters the human body is

1. Trophozoites
2. Sporozoites
3. Male gametocytes
4. Female gametocytes

Identify the wrong statement with reference to immunity

1. Active immunity is quick and gives full response.
2. When exposed to antigen (living or dead) antibodies are produced in the host's body. It is called “Active immunity”.
3. Foetus receives some antibodies from mother, it is an example for passive immunity.
4. When ready-made antibodies are directly given, it is called “Passive immunity”

Identify the correct pair representing the causative agent of typhoid fever and the confirmatory test for typhoid.

1. Salmonella typhi/ Anthrone test
2. Salmonella typhi/ Widal test
3. Plasmodium vivax/ UTI test
4. Streptococcus pneumoniae/ Widal test

Colostrum, the yellowish fluid, secreted by mother during the initial days of lactation is very essential to impart immunity to the newborn infants because it contains :

1. Macrophages
2. Immunoglobulin A
3. Natural killer cells
4. Monocytes

Drug called ‘Heroin’ is synthesized by :

1. glycosylation of morphine
2. nitration of morphine
3. methylation of morphine
4. acetylation of morphine

Which of the following immune responses is responsible for rejection of kidney graft?

1. Inflammatory immune response
2. Cell-mediated immune response
3. Auto-immune response
4. Humoral immune response

Which part of poppy plant is used to obtain the drug “smack”?

1. Flowers
2. Latex
3. Roots
4. Leaves

Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease?

1. Psoriasis
2. Rheumatoid arthritis
3. Alzheimer’s disease
4. Vitiligo

In which disease does mosquito transmitted pathogen cause chronic inflammation of lymphatic vessels?

1. Elephantiasis
2. Ascariasis
3. Ringworm disease
4. Amoebiasis

Transplantation of tissues/ organs fails often due to non-acceptance by the patient's body. Which type of immune response is responsible for such rejections ?

1. Cell-mediated immune response
2. Physiological immune response
3. Hormonal immune response
4. Autoimmune response

MALT constitutes about percent of the lymphoid tissue in human body

1. 20%
2. 70%
3. 10%
4. 50%

Antivenom injection contains preformed antibodies while polio drops that are administered into the body contain -

1. Attenuated pathogens
2. Activated pathogens
3. Harvested antibodies
4. Gamma globulin

Which of the following statements is not true for cancer cells in relation to mutations ?

1. Mutations inhibit production of telomerase
2. Mutations in proto-oncogenes accelerate the cell cycle
3. Mutations destroy telomerase inhibitor
4. Mutations inactivate the cell control

In higher vertebrates, the immune system can distinguish self-cells and non-self. If this property is lost due to genetic abnormality and it attacks self-cells, then it leads to

1. Active immunity
2. Allergic response
3. Graft rejection
4. Auto-immune disease