Human Reproduction

Select the correct option describing gonadotropin activity in a normal pregnant female.

1. High level of FSH and LH stimulates the thickening of endometrium.
2. High level of FSH and LH facilitates implantation of the embryo.
3. High level of hCG stimulates the synthesis of estrogen and progesterone.
4. High level of hCG stimulates the thickening of endometrium.

What is the correct sequence of sperm formation?

1. Spermatogonia, spermatozoa, spermatocytes, spermatids
2. Spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, spermatozoa
3. Spermatids, spermatocytes, spermatogonia, spermatozoa
4. Spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatozoa, spermatids

Which of the following is not the function of placenta?

1. Facilitates supply of oxygen and nutrients to embryo
2. Secretes estrogen
3. Facilitates removal of carbon dioxide and waste material from embryo
4. Secretes oxytocin during parturition

Menstrual flow occurs due to lack of :

1. Progesterone
2. FSH
3. Oxytocin
4. Vasopressin

The foetal ejection reflex in humans triggers the release of

1. oxytocin from foetal pituitary
2. human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) from placenta
3. oxytocin from maternal pituitary
4. human placental lactogen (hPL) from placenta

The figure shows a section of human ovary. Select the option which gives the correct identification of either A or B with function/ characteristic. [Figure]

1. A- Tertiary follicle - Forms Graafian follicle
2. B- Corpus luteum - Secretes progesterone
3. A- Primary oocyte - It is in the prophase I of the meiotic division
4. B- Corpus luteum - Secretes estrogen

The secretory phase in the human menstrual cycle is also called :

1. Follicular phase lasting for about 6 days
2. Luteal phase and lasts for about 13 days
3. Follicular phase and lasts for about 13 days
4. Luteal phase and lasts for about 6 days

Identify the human developmental stage shown below as well as the related right place of its occurrence in a normal pregnant woman, and select the right option for the two, together. [Figure]

1. Developmental stage Late morula, Site of occurrence Middle part of Fallopian tube
2. Developmental stage Blastula, Site of occurrence End part of Fallopian tube
3. Developmental stage 8-celled morula, Site of occurrence Starting point of Fallopian tube
4. Developmental stage Blastocyst, Site of occurrence Uterine wall

Which one of the following statements is false in respect of viability of mammalian sperm?

1. Viability of sperm is determined by its motility
2. Sperms must be concentrated in a thick suspension
3. Sperm is viable for only up to 24 hours
4. Survival of sperm depends on the pH of the medium and is more active in alkaline medium

Signals for parturition originate from :

1. Placenta only
2. Fully developed foetus only
3. Both placenta as well as fully developed foetus
4. Oxytocin released from maternal pituitary

In a normal pregnant woman, the amount of total gonadotropin activity was assessed. The result expected was :

1. High levels of FSH and LH in uterus to stimulate endometrial thickening
2. High level of circulating HCG to stimulate estrogen and progesterone synthesis
3. High level of circulating FSH and LH in the uterus to stimulate implantation of the embryo
4. High level of circulating HCG to stimulate endometrial thickening

The Leydig's cells as found in the human body are the secretory source of

1. Glucagon
2. Androgens
3. Progesterone
4. Intestinal mucus

What happens during fertilization in humans after many sperms reach close to the ovum?

1. Only two sperms nearest the ovum penetrate zona pellucida
2. Secretions of acrosome help one sperm enter cytoplasm of ovum through zona pellucida
3. All sperms except the one nearest to the ovum lose their tails
4. Cells of corona radiata trap all the sperms except one.

About which day in a normal human menstrual cycle does rapid secretion of LH (popularly called LH-surge) normally occur?

1. 11th day
2. 14th day
3. 20th day
4. 5th day

If for some reason, the vasa efferentia in the human reproductive system get blocked, the gametes will not be transported from :

1. Vagina to uterus
2. Testes to epididymis
3. Epididymis to vas deferens
4. Ovary to uterus

The testes in humans are situated outside the abdominal cavity inside a pouch called scrotum. The purpose served is for :

1. providing a secondary sexual feature for exhibiting the male sex
2. maintaining the scrotal temperature lower than the internal body temperature
3. escaping any possible compression by the visceral organs
4. providing more space for the growth of epididymis

The figure given below depicts a diagrammatic sectional view of the female reproductive system of humans. Which one set of three parts out of I-VI have been correctly identified? [Figure]

1. (I) Perimetrium, (II) Myometrium, (III) Fallopian tube
2. (II) Endometrium, (III) Infundibulum, (IV) Fimbriae
3. (III) Infundibulum, (IV) Fimbriae, (V) Cervix
4. (IV) Oviducal funnel, (V) Uterus, (VI) Cervix

Signals from fully developed foetus and placenta ultimately lead to parturition which requires the release of

1. Oxytocin from maternal pituitary
2. Oxytocin from foetal pituitary
3. Relaxin from placenta
4. Estrogen from placenta

In human female the blastocyst

1. gets implanted into uterus 3 days after ovulation
2. gets nutrition from uterine endometrial secretion only after implantation
3. gets implanted in endometrium by the trophoblast cells
4. forms placenta even before implantation

Secretions from which one of the following are rich in fructose, calcium and some enzymes?

1. Liver
2. Pancreas
3. Salivary glands
4. Male accessory glands

Sertoli cells are found in :

1. ovaries and secrete progesterone
2. adrenal cortex and secrete adrenaline
3. seminiferous tubules and provide nutrition to germ cells
4. pancreas and secrete cholecystokinin

Vasa efferentia are the ductules leading from :

1. Testicular lobules to rete testis
2. Rete testis to vas deferens
3. Vas deferens to epididymis
4. Epididymis to urethra

Seminal plasma in human males is rich in

1. fructose and calcium
2. glucose and calcium
3. DNA and testosterone
4. ribose and potassium

The first movements of the foetus and appearance of hair on its head are usually observed during which month of pregnancy?

1. Fourth month
2. Fifth month
3. Sixth month
4. Third month

The second maturation division of the mammalian ovum occurs

1. Shortly after ovulation before the ovum makes entry into the Fallopian tube
2. Until after the ovum has been penetrated by a sperm
3. Until the nucleus of the sperm has fused with that of the ovum
4. in the Graafian follicle following the first maturation division

Which one of the following statements about human sperm is correct?

1. Acrosome has a conical pointed structure used for piercing and penetrating the egg, resulting in fertilisation
2. The sperm lysins in the acrosome dissolve the egg envelope facilitating fertilisation
3. Acrosome serves as a sensory structure leading the sperm towards the ovum
4. Acrosome serves no particular function

Which one of the following statements about morula in humans is correct?

1. It has almost equal quantity of cytoplasm as an uncleaved zygote but much more DNA
2. It has far less cytoplasm as well as less DNA than in an uncleaved zygote
3. It has more or less equal quantity of cytoplasm and DNA as in uncleaved zygote
4. It has more cytoplasm and more DNA than an uncleaved zygote

The part of Fallopian tube closest to the ovary is

1. Isthmus
2. Infundibulum
3. Cervix
4. Ampulla

Seminal plasma in humans is rich in :

1. Fructose, calcium and certain enzymes
2. Fructose and certain enzymes but poor calcium
3. Glucose and certain enzymes but has no calcium
4. Fructose and calcium but has no enzyme

Which one of the following is the correct matching of the events occurring during menstrual cycle?

1. Ovulation: LH and FSH attain peak level and sharp fall in the secretion of progesterone
2. Menstruation: Breakdown of myometrium and ovum not fertilised
3. Secretory phase: Development of corpus luteum and increased secretion of progesterone
4. Proliferative phase: Rapid regeneration of myometrium and maturation of Graafian follicle