Biotechnology and its Applications

Use of bioresources by multinational companies and organisations without authorisation from the concerned country and its people is called

1. bio-infringement
2. biodegradation
3. biopiracy
4. bioexploitation

The two polypeptides of human insulin are linked together by

1. Hydrogen bonds
2. Covalent bond
3. Disulphide bridges
4. Phosphodiester bond

Which part of the tobacco plant is infected by Meloidogyne incognita ?

1. Flower
2. Stem
3. Leaf
4. Root

Which kind of therapy was given in 1990 to a four-year-old girl with adenosine deaminase [ADA] deficiency ?

1. Radiation therapy
2. Immunotherapy
3. Gene therapy
4. Chemotherapy

Golden rice is a genetically modified crop plant where the incorporated gene is meant for biosynthesis of -

1. Vitamin C
2. Omega 3
3. Vitamin A
4. Vitamin B

In Bt cotton, the Bt toxin present in plant tissue as pro-toxin is converted into active toxin due to :

1. action of gut micro-organisms
2. presence of conversion factors in insect gut
3. alkaline pH of the insect gut
4. acidic pH of the insect gut

Which body of the Government of India regulates GM research and safety of introducing GM organisms for public services ?

1. Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation
2. Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
3. Indian Council of Agricultural Research
4. Bio-safety committee

The crops engineered for glyphosate are resistant/tolerant to :

1. Bacteria
2. Herbicides
3. Fungi
4. Insects

The first human hormone produced by recombinant DNA technology is :

1. Estrogen
2. Insulin
3. Thyroxin
4. Progesterone

Which of the following Bt crops is being grown in India by the farmers ?

1. Soybean
2. Cotton
3. Brinjal
4. Maize

RNA interference involves :-

1. Interference of RNA in synthesis of DNA
2. Synthesis of cDNA from RNA using reverse transcriptase
3. Synthesis of mRNA from DNA
4. Silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary RNA

Which one of the following vectors is used to replace the defective gene in gene therapy ?

1. Ti plasmid
2. Cosmid
3. Ri plasmid
4. Adenovirus

Tobacco plants resistant to a nematode have been developed by the introduction of DNA that produced (in the host cells) :

1. An antifeedant
2. A toxic protein
3. Both sense and anti-sense RNA
4. A particular hormone

The first clinical gene therapy was given for treating

1. Rheumatoid arthritis
2. Adenosine deaminase deficiency
3. Diabetes mellitus
4. Chicken pox

A single strand of nucleic acid tagged with a radioactive molecule is called

1. Probe
2. Selectable marker
3. Vector
4. Plasmid

Consumption of which one of the following foods can prevent the kind of blindness associated with vitamin 'A' deficiency?

1. Flavr Savr tomato
2. Canola
3. Bt-brinjal
4. Golden rice

Bacillus thuringiensis forms protein crystals which contain insecticidal protein. This protein:

1. is activated by acid pH of the foregut of the insect pest.
2. binds with epithelial cells of midgut of the insect pest ultimately killing it
3. is coded by several genes including the gene cry
4. does not kill the carrier bacterium which is itself resistant to this toxin

Silencing of mRNA has been used in producing transgenic plants resistant to:

1. White rusts
2. Nematodes
3. Bacterial blights
4. Bollworms

Maximum number of existing transgenic animals is of :

1. Mice
2. Cow
3. Pig
4. Fish

The process of RNA interference has been used in the development of plants resistant to :

1. Nematodes
2. Fungi
3. Viruses
4. Insects

Which one of the following is now being commercially produced by biotechnological procedures?

1. Insulin
2. Morphine
3. Nicotine
4. Quinine

DNA or RNA segment tagged with a radioactive molecule is called –

1. Clone
2. Probe
3. Plasmid
4. Vector

The genetically-modified (GM) brinjal in India has been developed for:

1. Enhancing shelf life
2. Insect-resistance
3. Drought-resistance
4. Enhancing mineral content

Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing –

1. transgenic models for studying new treatments for certain cardiac disease
2. animals like bulls for farm work as they have super power
3. transgenic mice for testing safety of polio vaccine before use in humans
4. transgenic Cow-Rosie which produces high fat milk for making ghee

Some of the characteristics of Bt cotton are –

1. High yield and production of toxic protein crystals which kill dipteran pests
2. High yield and resistance to bollworms
3. Long fibre and resistance to aphids
4. Medium yield, long fibre and resistance to beetle pests

An improved variety of transgenic basmati rice

1. gives high yield but has no characteristic aroma
2. does not require chemical fertilizers and growth hormones
3. is completely resistant to all insect pests and diseases of paddy
4. gives high yield and is rich in vitamin A

The genetic defect – adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency may be cured permanently by

1. Introducing bone marrow cells producing ADA into cells at early embryonic stages
2. Periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes having functional ADA cDNA
3. Administering adenosine deaminase activators
4. Enzyme replacement therapy

What is true about Bt toxin?

1. The activated toxin enters the ovaries of the pest to sterilise it and thus prevent its multiplication.
2. Bt protein exists as active toxin in the Bacillus
3. The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins
4. The inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut

Transgenic plants are the ones -

1. Produced after protoplast fusion in artificial medium
2. Produced by a somatic embryo in artificial medium
3. Generated by introducing foreign DNA into a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell
4. Grown in artificial medium after hybridization in the field

What is antisense technology?

1. RNA polymerase producing DNA
2. Production of somaclonal variants in tissue cultures
3. When a piece of RNA that is complementary in sequence is used to stop expression of a specific gene
4. A cell displaying a foreign antigen used for synthesis of antigens